Table 5. Causal association between left ventricular parameters and iron parameters.

Exposure 5	Outcome	N	Methods	β (95% CI)	P	P for intercept	P for Q statistics
IVW: inverse variance weighting; LVEDV: left ventricular end-diastolic volume; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; LVESV: left ventricular end-systolic volume; LVMVR: left ventricular mass-to-end-diastolic volume ratio; LVM: left ventricular mass.
LVMVR	TSAT	19	IVW(re)	-0.003 (-0.047, 0.042)	0.907	0.182	0.128
	TIBC	18	IVW(re)	0.019 (-0.021, 0.058)	0.347	0.175	0.798
	Serum Iron	17	IVW(re)	-0.007 (-0.044, 0.030)	0.718	0.680	0.344
	Ferritin	18	IVW(re)	-0.015 (-0.049, 0.018)	0.371	0.745	0.192
LVEDV	TSAT	20	IVW(re)	0.016 (-0.023, 0.054)	0.425	0.893	0.392
	TIBC	20	IVW(re)	-0.040 (-0.079, -0.001)	0.043	0.485	0.977
	Serum Iron	20	IVW(re)	0.000 (-0.040, 0.040)	0.987	0.517	0.070
	Ferritin	20	IVW(re)	-0.011 (-0.044, 0.022)	0.517	0.652	0.155
LVESV	TSAT	32	IVW(re)	0.012 (-0.017, 0.040)	0.430	0.546	0.390
	TIBC	32	IVW(re)	0.012 (-0.022, 0.045)	0.505	0.438	0.086
	Serum Iron	31	IVW(re)	0.014 (-0.013, 0.042)	0.311	0.847	0.166
	Ferritin	32	IVW(re)	-0.004 (-0.030, 0.022)	0.739	0.872	0.052
LVM	TSAT	14	IVW(re)	0.036 (-0.014, 0.086)	0.154	0.793	0.331
	TIBC	13	IVW(re)	-0.035 (-0.085, 0.015)	0.165	0.498	0.497
	Serum Iron	12	IVW(re)	0.050 (0.003, 0.104)	0.063	0.991	0.094
	Ferritin	13	IVW(re)	-0.009 (-0.055, 0.037)	0.694	0.502	0.086
LVEF	TSAT	18	IVW(re)	-0.069 (-0.109, -0.031)	0.0004	0.886	0.621
	TIBC	20	IVW(re)	0.008 (-0.033, 0.049)	0.701	0.731	0.129
	Serum Iron	21	IVW(re)	-0.018 (-0.051, 0.016)	0.303	0.273	0.195
	Ferritin	20	IVW(re)	-0.005 (-0.036, 0.026)	0.734	0.367	0.124