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. 2024 Jan 28;21(1):4–33. doi: 10.26599/1671-5411.2024.01.009

Table 9. The HR and PAF of CVD for different obesity indicators.

Indicators Overall Male Female Age
< 60 yrs ≥ 60 yrs
HRa PAFa HRb PAFb HRb PAFb HRa PAFa HRa PAFa
Cox regression analysis was conducted with BMI < 24 kg/m2 as the reference category. The adjusted confounders were age, sex, living area, smoking, alcohol drinking, and education in model ‘a’; and age, living area, smoking, alcohol drinking, and education in model ‘b’. BMI: body mass index; PAF: population attributable fraction; WC: waist circumference.
BMI/(kg/m2)
　Normal 1 (Reference) - 1 (Reference) - 1 (Reference ) - 1 (Reference) - 1 (Reference) -
　Overweight 1.18
(1.03–1.35)		 6.20
(6.16–6.24 )		 1.14
(0.96–1.36)		 6.45
(6.39–6.51 )		 1.22
(0.99–1.50)		 5.95
(5.90–6.01)		 1.49
(1.09–2.03)		 15.52
(15.42–15.64 )		 1.08
(0.93–1.25)		 2.70
(2.67–2.73)
　Obesity WC/(cm ) 1.53
(1.29–1.81)		 7.08
(6.99–7.17 )		 1.59
(1.26–2.00)		 6.59
(6.47–6.72 )		 1.46
(1.14–1.87)		 7.57
(7.45–7.69)		 1.98
(1.38–2.83)		 12.58
(12.42–12.77)		 1.32
(1.09–1.60)		 4.16
(4.08–4.24)
　Abdominal obesity(-) 1 (Reference ) - 1 1 (Reference ) - 1 (Reference ) - 1 (Reference ) -
　Abdominal obesity(+) 1.44
(1.27–1.62)		 13.30
(13.21–13.37)		 1.55
(1.32–1.82)		 15.34
(15.20–15.48)		 1.28
(1.06–1.54)		 9.34
(9.26–9.41)		 1.48
(1.13–1.93)		 13.93
(13.82–14.05)		 1.27
(1.11–1.45)		 9.27
(9.18–9.35)
Body fat percentage/%
　Low 1 (Reference) - 1 (Reference) - 1 (Reference) - 1 (Reference) - 1 (Reference) -
　High 1.25
(1.10–1.41)		 8.99
(8.94–9.04)		 1.23
(1.05–1.45)		 9.81
(9.74–9.88)		 1.24
(1.02–1.51)		 7.06
(6.90–7.13)		 1.56
(1.19–2.05)		 16.15
(16.02–16.28)		 1.17
(1.02–1.34)		 8.30
(8.25–8.36)
Visceral fat index
　Low 1 (Reference) - 1 (Reference) - 1 (Reference ) - 1 (Reference) - 1 (Reference) -
　High 1.43
(1.23–1.65)		 5.14
(5.07–5.21 )		 1.43
(1.21–1.70)		 7.27
(7.16–7.38)		 1.37
(1.03–1.83)		 2.50
(2.43–2.56)		 1.36
(0.96–1.94)		 3.94
(3.87–4.02)		 1.56
(1.33–1.82)		 8.16
(8.03–8.32)