Table 2.
Comparison of Demographic Features among Patients with PVI, NPVI, and Controls
| Variable | Category | Total | HCC (Cases) | Controls (n=90) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PVI (n=68) | NPVI (n=86) | |||||
| Age Mean ± SD* | 58.50 ± 12.79 | 56.44± 11.31 | 35.57± 7.63 | <0.001 | ||
| Gender# n (%) | Male | 189 | 59 (86.8) | 70 (81.4) | 60 (66.7) | 0.006 |
| Female | 55 | 9 (13.2) | 16 (18.6) | 30 (33.3) | ||
| Tobacco usage# n (%) | Yes | 61 | 20 (29.4) | 24 (27.9) | 17 (18.9) | 0.236 |
| No | 183 | 48 (70.6) | 62 (72.1) | 73 (81.1) | ||
| Alcohol Intake# n (%) | Yes | 75 | 26 (38.2) | 37 (43) | 12 (13.3) | <0.001 |
| No | 168 | 42 (61.8) | 49 (57) | 78 (86.7) | ||
| Diabetic mellitus# n (%) | Present | 71 | 17 (25) | 44 (51.2) | 10 (11.1) | <0.001 |
| Absent | 173 | 51 (75) | 42 (48.8) | 80 (88.9) | ||
| Hypertension# n(%) | Present | 45 | 18 (26.5) | 19 (22.1) | 8 (8.9) | 0.01 |
| Absent | 199 | 50 (73.5) | 67 (77.9) | 82 (91.1) | ||
*, Mean ±SD; # , Frequency and percentage; PVI, portal vein invasion; NPVI, non-portal vein invasion; SD, standard deviation; n, number;%, percentage; p-value<0.05statistically significant