Fig. 1.

Illustration of operation techniques. (a) The transplanted kidney had three renal arteries, and the upper pole renal artery was short. The internal iliac artery was harvested as a graft and anastomosed end‐to‐end to the upper pole renal artery. Two main arteries were anastomosed and conjoined side‐to‐side. (b) The TK artery was very fragile and had severe adhesions to the surrounding area due to infection. Vascular suturing after severing the TK artery was extremely challenging. (c) The vessels were resected because the risk of VCs was high as the vessels had become fragile due to infection or other factors. (d) The uninfected EIA was used because of insufficient vessel length.