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| Article | Year | Method | Image number of dataset | Accuracy (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lonseko et al. (2021) | 2021 | CNN | 12,147 | 93.19 |
| Nouman Noor et al. (2023) | 2023 | MobileNetV2 | 30,000 | 96.40 |
| Mohapatra et al. (2021) | 2021 | 2DDWT+CNN | 28,800 | 97.25 |
| Varalaxmi et al. (2023) | 2023 | ResNet50 | -------- | 88.05 |
| Montalbo (2022) | 2022 | CNN | -------- | 97.25 |
| Proposed model | 2023 | DO-CNN | 4,000 | 93.88 |
