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. 2024 Feb 23;10:e1905. doi: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1905

Table 3. Comparison between diffusion models and PLMs.

Dimension PLMs Diffusion-based models
Generation methods Usually autoregressive. Usually non-autoregressive.
Discrete text handling One-hot encoding, distributed representation, bag-of-words representation and word embedding representation. Discrete text diffusion and continuous text diffusion.
Time complexity Related to factors such as the number of layers of the model, the number of attention heads, the dimension of the hidden layer, and the size of the training data. Usually related to the number of sampling steps and the model complexity.
Diversity of generated results Tending to choose words with high probabilities may result in relatively conservative and similar generated outcomes. By introducing more randomness, the generated text tends to exhibit diversity.