Table 1. Previous studies based on Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

References	Konu	Dataset	Model
Helaly, Badawy & Haikal (2022)	Dementia  of AD	4 classes and 48,000 images	Fine-tuned VGG19 model
Bhagat et al. (2023)	Dementia  of AD	5 classes and 1,101 images	Fine-tuned MobileNet model
Guan et al. (2019)	Dementia  of AD	3 classes and 3,415 images	3D 16-layer ResNet
Murugan et al. (2021)	Dementia  of AD	4 classes and 6,400 images	DEMNET architecture based on CNN
Shahwar et al. (2022)	AD and healthy control	2 classes and 6,400 images	Hybrid CNN based on ResNet34
Sivaranjini & Sujatha (2020)	PD and healthy control	2 classes and 7,646 images	Fine-tuned AlexNet model
Peng et al. (2017)	PD and healthy control	2 classes and 172 images	Multilevel ROI based features and multi-kernel SVM
Raees & Thomas (2021)	Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), AD, and Normal classes	3 classes and 800 images	Vgg19 + svm
Basnin et al. (2021)	PD and healthy control	2 classes and 1,387 images	DenseNet-LSTM
AlSaeed & Omar (2022)	AD and healthy control	2 classes and 741 images	CNN-based feature extraction
Savaş (2022)	Normal, MCI, and AD	3 classes and 4,306 images	Pre-trained EfficientNet
Noella & Priyadarshini (2023a)	AD, Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD), PD, and healthy control	4 classes and 1,210 images	Generative adversarial deep convolutional neural network
Noella & Priyadarshini (2023b)	PD, AD, and healthy control	3 classes and 1,050 images	Multi-feature extraction and classifier
Alsharabi et al. (2023)	PD, AD, and healthy control	3 classes and 1,208 images	AlexNet–quantum learning