Table 1.

Descriptive information about the employed datasets

Dataset	Source	Description	Type	Year
Population data	Telia	Population data based on mobile phone locations compiled on an hour-to-hour basis, aggregated to grid cells	Polygon (point)	2019–2020
	Statistics Sweden	Population data based on place of residence aggregated to Statistics Sweden’s grid cells	Polygon (point)	2019
Road network	The Swedish Transport Administration	Sweden's national road network database, containing all official roads in Sweden	Polyline	2018
Emergency Departments	Manually extracted	Active emergency departments located in hospitals containing two or more specialist competences and the type of hospital	Point	2022
Urban–rural categorization	Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions (SALAR)	A system of classifying municipalities as containing; large cities; towns or municipalities close to large cities and rural	–	2017