TABLE 3.
Independent associations between chronotype and the presence of OSA and OSA severity
| AHI ≥ 5 events per hr | AHI ≥10 events per hr | AHI ≥ 15 events per hr | Log AHI | Log T90 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | N | OR (95% CI) | p‐Value | OR (95% CI) | p‐Value | OR (95% CI) | p‐Value | Adjusted means (SE) b | Adjusted means (SE) b |
| Chronotype | |||||||||
| Morning | 326 | 2.3 (0) | 0.7 (0.1) | ||||||
| Intermediate a | 347 | 1.2 (0.8, 1.8) | 0.3 | 1.0 (0.7, 1.4) | 0.9 | 1.2 (0.8, 1.7) | 0.3 | 2.4 (0) | 0.8 (0.1) |
| Evening a | 138 | 1.0 (0.7 1.7) | 0.9 | 1.3 (0.8, 2.0) | 0.3 | 0.9 (0.6, 1.6) | 0.8 | 2.3 (0.1) | 0.8 (0.1) |
Note: The presence of OSA was defined as an AHI of ≥ 5, ≥ 10 and ≥ 15 events per hr. Variables assessed as potential covariates for models were age, sex, BMI, alcohol, smoking, physical activity, self‐reported sleep duration, insomnia and depression. Covariates were excluded if not significant (p > 0.05) or multicollinearity existed.
Abbreviations: AHI, apnea–hypopnea index; CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; SE, standard error; T90, time spent with arterial oxygen saturation < 90%.
No significant difference in odds of OSA was found between evening and intermediate chronotypes, when evening was the reference group, across all three cut‐offs (p > 0.05).
Adjusted means are not significantly different between three chronotype groups in pairwise comparisons (p > 0.05).