TABLE 4.

Linear regression models exploring the association between maternal age at the birth of their child (years) and child cognitive development (n = 954).

	Composite score of early learning		Gross motor a		Visual reception		Fine motor		Receptive language		Expressive language
	B (95% CI)	p	B (95% CI)	p	B (95% CI)	p	B (95% CI)	p	B (95% CI)	p	B (95% CI)	p
Model 1.
Maternal age at birth (years)	0.91 (0.009, 1.82)	0.05	0.08 (−0.50, 0.66)	0.79	0.34 (−0.26, 0.95)	0.26	0.65 (0.03, 1.28)	0.04	0.44 (−0.13, 1.02)	0.13	0.53 (−0.04, 1.10)	0.07
Adjusted R 2	0.003		0.001		0.001		0.003		0.001		0.003
Model 2.
Maternal age at birth (years)	0.61 (−0.51, 1.74)	0.29	0.20 (−0.53, 0.93)	0.59	−0.04 (−0.79, 0.71)	0.92	0.84 (0.06, 1.62)	0.04	0.37 (−0.34, 1.08)	0.30	0.17 (−0.54, 0.88)	0.64
Adjusted R 2	0.018		0.021		0.015		0.005		0.019		0.016

Note: Model 1. Univariate analyses. Model 2. Multivariable analyses. Covariates included with Model 2: maternal HIV status (living with HIV), maternal mental health (any common mental disorder), maternal relationship status (in a relationship), food security (food secure), maternal education (highest school grade achieved), number of basic necessities household can afford, child sibling status (has siblings), maternal cash grant receipt (yes), maternal community violence exposure (no), maternal domestic violence exposure (yes), maternal perceived social support, maternal work or education status (in work or education), child early child development programme attendance (yes), child biological sex (female).

Bold values indicate a statistical significance of p = <0.05.

^a Gross motor scores n = 848.