Skip to main content
. 2023 Dec 23;30(3):269–278. doi: 10.18553/jmcp.2023.23153

TABLE 2.

Sociodemographic and Spending Characteristics of Part D Beneficiaries Taking the First 10 Drugs Facing Price Negotiations Compared With All Other Part D Beneficiaries (2020)

Beneficiaries taking drugs being negotiated All Part D beneficiaries not taking drugs that will be negotiated P value (beneficiaries taking negotiated drugs compared with beneficiaries taking nonnegotiated drugs)
All LIS Non-LIS
Mean age (SD) 73.9 (10.5) 69.9 (12.7) 76.2 (8.3) 71.4 (11.2) <0.01
Sex, %
  Female 52.2 59.7 48.0 57.7 <0.01
  Male 47.8 40.3 52.0 42.3 <0.01
Race, %
  White 78.2 61.1 87.7 78.2 NS
  Black 11.8 20.9 6.6 10.8 <0.01
  Othera 10.0 18.0 5.6 11.0 <0.01
Zip code median household income, %
  <$25,000 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.5 <0.01
  $25,000 - <$50,000 26.5 37.9 20.2 24.0 <0.01
  $50,000 - <$75,000 41.5 40.7 41.9 41.1 <0.01
  $75,000 - <$100,000 18.8 13.3 21.8 20.0 <0.01
  ≥$100,000 12.0 6.9 14.9 13.4 <0.01
Type of locality, %
  Urban 80.2 78.7 81.0 81.1 <0.01
  Suburban 16.1 17.6 15.3 15.3 <0.01
  Rural 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.7 <0.01
Mean number of comorbidities per beneficiary (SD) 3.9 (4) 4.4 (4.3) 3.6 (3.9) 2.2 (2.9) <0.01
Medicare Advantage, % 50.3 51.6 49.6 52.2 <0.01
Mean (median) annual Medicare spending per beneficiaryb
  Medicare Part D $11,376 ($6,552) $14,417 ($8,439) $9,715 ($6,074) $3,204 ($555) <0.01
  Hospital $10,099 ($0) $13,548 ($0) $8,258 ($0) $3,327 ($0) <0.01
  Outpatient $12,043 ($5,349) $13,909 ($6,372) $11,048 ($4,912) $5,948 ($1,932) <0.01
  Totalc $33,882 ($18,251) $42,091 ($24,515) $29,501 ($15,581) $12,366 ($3,429) <0.01
Mean (median) Part D annual out-of-pocket costsd $813 (307) $115 (59) $1,475 (1,204) $441 (160) <0.01

a Other includes Hispanic, Asian, North American Native, Other, and Unknown racial categories.

b Medicare program spending only. Hospital, outpatient, and total costs exclude beneficiaries with Medicare Advantage, for whom that spending data are not available. Medians are shown instead of SDs because of right-tailed distribution.

c These totals exclude skilled nursing facility and durable medical equipment spending.

d Represents total annual Part D out-of-pocket spending on any drug claims for beneficiaries using a negotiated or nonnegotiated drug.

LIS = low-income subsidy; NS = not significant.