Table 5.

Matched multivariate linear regression for initial cranioplasty and long-term total direct costs.

Variable	Unstandardized Coefficients	95% confidence intervals		P value
		Lower bound	Upper bound
Initial surgery total direct costs
Custom CP	0.56	0.39	0.74	<0.01
Smoker	−0.02	−0.21	0.16	0.80
HTN	−0.02	−0.21	0.17	0.84
Age	0.02	−0.18	0.23	0.83
Sex	−0.11	−0.29	0.07	0.24
GCS	−0.18	−0.36	0.01	0.06
Reason for HC (stroke)	0.01	−0.22	0.25	0.92
CP surface area (cm2)	0.01	−0.17	0.19	0.91
Time from HC to CP (days)	0.12	−0.08	0.32	0.24
CP operative duration (min)	0.04	−0.13	0.21	0.63
Length of stay (days)	0.66	0.47	0.85	<0.01
Initial plus long-term total direct costsa
Custom CP	0.22	−0.05	0.49	0.11
HTN	0.18	−0.10	−0.10	0.46
Age	0.16	−0.15	0.48	0.30
Sex	−0.27	−0.53	−0.01	0.04
GCS	−0.15	−0.44	0.13	0.28
Reason for HC (stroke)	0.09	−0.25	0.43	0.60
Cranioplasty surface area (cm2)	0.04	−0.23	0.32	0.75
Time from HC to CP (days)	−0.01	−0.31	0.30	0.97
CP operative duration (min)	0.21	−0.06	0.47	0.12
Length of stay (days)	0.21	−0.08	0.49	0.16

For initial cranioplasty costs, R² = 0.72, p < 0.01. For long-term cranioplasty costs, R² = 0.32, p = 0.03.

CP, cranioplasty; GCS, Glasgow coma score, HC, hemicraniectomy; HTN, hypertension.

Boldface font indicates statistical significance.

^aSmoking status removed to achieve adequate goodness of fit.