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. 2024 Feb 24;10(5):e27095. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27095

Table 7.

Dynamic ARDL simulations and ARDL outputs.

Estimated Model= (LnEFP/LnEGR, LnEGR2,LnGLOB, LnGEN, LnFDV)
ARDL DARDL
Variables Coefficient t-stat. Prob. Coefficient t-stat. Prob.
LnEGR 9.1989* 3.5591 0.0014 4.9132** 2.73 0.011
ΔLnEGR −0.2533 −0.8535 0.4008 −7.9001 −0.81 0.426
LnEGR2 −0.6132* −3.2015 0.0035 −0.3315** −2.44 0.021
ΔLnEGR2 −0.0045 −1.4336 0.1631 0.5997 0.74 0.467
LnGLOB −0.4295** −2.6471 0.0134 −0.256*** −1.87 0.072
ΔLnGLOB 0.0468 1.3947 0.1745 −0.2365 −1.52 0.140
LnGEN −0.0817 −1.3153 0.1994 −0.0292 −1.32 0.196
ΔLnGEN 0.0018 0.1258 0.9008 0.0050 0.32 0.748
LnFDV −0.1392* −3.5067 0.0016 −0.0844* −3.47 0.002
ΔLnFDV −0.1085* −3.0766 0.0048
Dummy −0.0777** −2.4317 0.0219
ΔDummy −0.1032* −3.7855 0.0008
ECT (-1) −0.6289* −6.5389 0.0000 −0.5864* −4.09 0.000
R-Square 0.9857 0.5865
AdjustedR2 0.9777 0.4297
F-statistics Prob. 0.0000 0.0000

Note: ***, **, and *denotes significance at 10%, 5%, and 1% levels, respectively. P values are provided in brackets for diagnostic tests. ARDL estimation allows including dummy variables, while DARDL does not allow it.