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. 2024 Mar 4;14(11):7468–7489. doi: 10.1039/d4ra00335g

Natural properties of feedstock oil154.

Item Vacuum residue oil
Density, g cm−3 0.932
H–C ratio 1.75
Residual carbon, wt% 15.6
Basic nitride, ppm 1925.1
Acid value, mg KOH% 0.28
Element analysis, wt% C 87.23
H 11.44
S 0.39
N 0.94
Four components analysis, wt% Saturated hydrocarbon, wt% 28.8
Aromatic hydrocarbon, wt% 31.5
Colloid, wt% 34.1
Asphaltene, wt% 3.8