Skip to main content
. 2024 Mar 4;14(11):7468–7489. doi: 10.1039/d4ra00335g

Industrial processes in which solid base catalysts are used.16,154,157.

Reaction Catalyst Year
Alkylation
Alkylation of phenol with methanol MgO 1970, 1985
Alkylation of xylene with butadiene Na/K2CO3 1995
Alkylation of cumene with ethylene Na/KOH/Al2O3 1988
Isomerization
Isomerization of safrole to isosafrole Na/NaOH/Al2O3 1988
Isomerization of 2,3-dimethyl-1-butene Na/NaOH/Al2O3 1988
Isomerization of 3,5-vinylbicyclo [2,2,1] heptane Na/NaOH/Al2O3 1988
Isomerization of 1,2-propadiene to propyne K2O/Al2O3 1996
Dehydration/condensation
Dehydration of 1-cyclohexylethanol ZrO2 1986
Dehydration of propylamine-2-ol ZrO2/KOH 1992
Isobutyraldehyde to diisopropyl ketone ZrO2 1973
Dehydrotrimerization of isobutyraldehyde BaO–CaO 1998
Esterification
Esterification of ethylene oxide Hydrotalcite 1994
Transesterification of triglycerides ZnO–Al2O3 2006
Catalytic cracking
Crude oil to chemicals Alkali/alkaline earth metal oxide-highly mesoporous carrier 2022
Miscellaneous
Carboxylic acids to aldehydes ZrO2–Cr2O3 1988
Thiols from alcohols with hydrogen sulfide Alkali/Al2O3 1988
Cyclization of imine with sulfur dioxide Cs-zeolite 1995