TABLE 4.

Estimated within‐group and between‐group differences in changes in mindfulness, self‐compassion, and physical activity.

	CMBAS (n = 73)	HSMP (n = 74)
	Within‐group estimated change		Between‐group difference in change
	Estimate (95% CI)	Estimate (95% CI)	Estimate (95% CI)	P value
Mindfulness
V1 to V2	−0.19 (−1.81; 1.43)	−0.17 (−1.78; 1.45)	0.02 (−2.27; 2.31)	0.98
V1 to V3	−0.34 (−1.97; 1.29)	0.27 (−1.31; 1.84)	0.60 (−1.67; 2.87)	0.60
Self‐compassion
V1 to V2	2.00 (0.38; 3.61) *	0.69 (−0.94; 2.33)	−1.31 (−3.60; 0.99)	0.26
V1 to V3	2.57 (0.96; 4.19) **	0.20 (−1.40; 1.81)	−2.37 (−4.65; −0.10) *	0.04
Physical activity
V1 to V2	−7.43 (−21.03; 6.17)	18.74 (4.44; 33.04) *	26.17 (6.43; 45.91) *	<0.01
V1 to V3	−2.79 (−16.98; 11.39)	25.74(11.82; 39.66) ***	28.54 (8.66; 48.41) *	<0.01

Note: For between‐group differences, positive differences favor HSMP, whereas negative differences favor CMBAS. All analyses included covariates for sex, age, education years, baseline MMSE, site, visit, group, the visit by group interaction, as well as random participant intercepts. Significant effects appear in bold.

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; CMBAS, caring mindfulness‐based approach for seniors; HSMP, health self‐management program; MMSE, Mini‐Mental State Examination; V1, baseline visit; V2, post‐intervention visit; V3, follow‐up visit.

^* P < 0.05.

^** P < 0.005.

^*** P < 0.001.