FIGURE 4.

Lung function among each grade of visual emphysema: a, b) centrilobular emphysema (CLE) and c, d) paraseptal emphysema (PSE). Comparisons of a) forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV₁)/forced vital capacity (FVC) and b) FEV₁ % pred in subjects without CLE, those with trace CLE and those with mild or more severe CLE (mild, moderate, confluent and advanced). Comparisons of c) FEV₁/FVC and d) FEV₁ % pred in subjects without PSE, those with mild PSE and those with substantial PSE. **: p<0.01.