Table 3.
Reference levels for the risk profile and risk level calculations
| Test/Dimension | 0-level ± 10%* | Risk level | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Male | Female | ||
| Fitness | (F1 + F2)/2 | ||
| F1: Ekblom-Bak cycle test (ml/kg/min) | 39.3–42.7 | 32.8–35.9 | |
| F2: 2-minute Step-test (n) | 104–128 | 94–114 | |
| Strength upper extremity | (SUE1 + SUE2)/2 | ||
|
SUE1: Handgrip maximum (kg) – mean points left, right |
45–55 | 27–33 | |
| SUE2: Biceps (n) | 19–23 | 17–21 | |
| Strength lower extremity | (SLE1 + SLE2)/2 | ||
| SLE1: 30-sec Chair-stand (n) | 18–22 | 16–20 | |
|
SLE2: Single-foot heel rise (n) – mean points left, right |
20–25 |
19–23 right 17–21 left |
|
| Strength trunk muscles | (ST1 + ST2 + ST3)/3 | ||
| ST1: Plank (sec) | 84–102 | 46–56 | |
| ST2: Back Endurance (sec) | 88–108 | 80–98 | |
| ST3: Supine Bridge (sec) | 170–207 | 137–167 | |
| Mobility | (M1 + M2 + M3 + M4)/4 | ||
| M1: Sit-Rise (points) | 9–10 | 10 | |
| M2: Finger-Floor (cm) | 0–6 | 0–6 | |
| M3: Lateral Flexion (cm) | > 17.4 | > 16.7 | |
| M4: Beighton Hypermobility Score (points) |
0–3 = 0 4–6 = -1 7 − 9 = − 2 |
||
| Balance | (B1 + B2 + B3 + B4 + B5)/5 | ||
| B1: SOLEO (sec) | 99–121 | 99–121 | |
| B2: SOLEC (sec) | 50–60 | 50–60 | |
| B3: Functional Reach (cm) | 38.3–46.7 | 33.5–40.9 | |
|
B4: Lateral Reach (cm) - mean points left, right |
17.1–20.9 | 17.1–20.9 | |
| B5: Sharpened Romberg (sec) | 41–51 | 41–51 | |
| Posture | (Po + Po2 + Po3)/3 | ||
| Po1: Occiput-to-wall | No = -1 Yes = 0 | ||
|
Po2: Navicular Drop (within normal limits 5–9 mm) - mean points left, right |
No = -1 Yes = 0 | ||
|
Po3: Patella Mobility - mean points left, right |
Yes = -1 No = 0 | ||
| Weight | (W1 + W2)/2 | ||
|
W1: Body mass index– Overweight (25.0-29.9) = -1 Underweight (< 18.5) = -1 Obesity (> 30.0) = -2 |
18.5–24.9 | 18.5–24.9 | |
| W2: Waist circumference | < 94.0 | < 80.0 | |
| Self-assessed physical activity | |||
| PA1: SGPALS (4 choices) |
Physically inactive = -2 Some light physical activity = 0 Regular physical activity and training = 1 Regular hard physical training = 2 |
(PA1 + PA2 + PA3)/3 | |
|
PA2: NBHW-PA (minutes exercise/week)*2 + minutes non-strenuous activity |
270–329 | 270–329 | |
| PA3: SED-GIH (hours/day) |
< 4 = 2 4–6 = 1 7–9 = 0 10–12 = -1 > 12 =-2 |
||
| Pain | (P1 + P2 + P3)/3 | ||
| P1: Pain diagram |
No pain areas = 0 1 pain area = -1 > 1 pain area = -2 |
||
| P2: ÖMPSQ-SF |
0–49 = 0 50–60 = -1 > 60 = -2 |
||
| P3: EQ-5D pain question |
No pain or discomfort = 0 Moderate pain or discomfort = -1 Extreme pain or discomfort = -2 |
||
*0-levels are found in or extrapolated from references given for each test in Table 2. ÖMPSQ-SF=Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain screening Questionnaire– short form. EQ-5D = Euroqol-5 dimensions