Table 4.
Adjusted five-year relative excess of risk of death (RER) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for lung cancer patients diagnosed in 2009–2013 in five European countries.
| Variables | Mod 1 (all countries, n = 4,449) | Mod 2 (Belgium, Spain, Estonia, North Portugal, n = 3,720) | Mod 3 (Belgium, Spain, North Portugal, n = 2,214) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RER | 95% CI | RER | 95% CI | RER | 95% CI | ||
| Age at diagnosis (years) | 15–54 | ref | ref | ref | |||
| 55–69 | 1.04 | 0.94–1.17 | 0.98 | 0.87–1.11 | 1.04 | 0.89–1.22 | |
| ≥70 | 1.14 | 1.02–1.28 | 1.09 | 0.96–1.23 | 1.16 | 0.98–1.37 | |
| Sex | Men | ref | ref | ref | |||
| Women | 0.78 | 0.72–0.86 | 0.78 | 0.71–0.86 | 0.88 | 0.77–1.01 | |
| Topography | Lower, middle or upper lobe | ref | ref | ref | |||
| Main Bronchus | 1.37 | 1.21–1.54 | 1.51 | 1.32–1.73 | 1.54 | 1.32–1.80 | |
| Not Otherwise Specified | 1.14 | 1.04–1.25 | 1.15 | 1.05–1.27 | 1.12 | 0.98–1.29 | |
| Morphology | Non-small-cell carcinoma | ref | ref | ref | |||
| Small-cell carcinoma | 0.97 | 0.88–1.07 | 0.98 | 088–1.09 | 0.97 | 0.85–1.11 | |
| Not Otherwise Specified | 1.17 | 1.05–1.30 | 1.17 | 1.04–1.31 | 1.35 | 1.16–1.57 | |
| TNM stage grouping at diagnosis | I | ref | ref | ref | |||
| II | 1.87 | 1.48–2.35 | 1.92 | 1.49–2.47 | 1.79 | 1.30–2.45 | |
| III | 2.60 | 2.15–3.14 | 2.65 | 2.16–3.27 | 2.17 | 1.69–2.80 | |
| IV | 5.13 | 4.27–6.18 | 5.19 | 4.24–6.36 | 4.49 | 3.50–5.76 | |
| Unknown | 2.63 | 2.12–3.27 | 2.98 | 2.32–3.83 | 3.06 | 2.21–4.25 | |
| Treatment | No anticancer treatment | ref | ref | ref | |||
| Surgery | 0.13 | 0.11–0.15 | 0.12 | 0.10–0.15 | 0.12 | 0.09–0.15 | |
| Medical treatment only | 0.37 | 0.34–0.40 | 0.37 | 0.33–0.40 | 0.37 | 0.33–0.42 | |
| Comorbidity | No (0 point) | ref | ref | ||||
| Yes (>1 point) | 1.09 | 1.01–1.18 | 1.21 | 1.09–1.35 | |||
| Unknown | 0.92 | 0.70–1.20 | 1.06 | 0.78–1.43 | |||
| Smoking status | Current | ref | |||||
| Never | 0.68 | 0.57–0.81 | |||||
| Previous | 0.95 | 0.85–1.06 | |||||
| Unknown | 1.05 | 0.90–1.23 | |||||
| Country a | Belgium | 0.97 | 0.89–1.06 | 0.96 | 0.88–1.05 | 0.96 | 0.88–1.05 |
| Estonia | 1.20 | 1.10–1.30 | 1.16 | 1.07–1.26 | - | ||
| Portugal | 0.88 | 0.82–0.93 | 0.87 | 0.82–0.92 | 0.97 | 0.89–1.05 | |
| Spain | 1.07 | 1.00–1.14 | 1.03 | 0.97–1.10 | 1.07 | 1.00–1.15 | |
| Switzerland | 0.91 | 0.84–0.99 | – | – | |||
Mod 1 is adjusted for age, sex, topography, morphology, TNM stage grouping at diagnosis, treatment, country; Mod 2 is adjusted for age, sex, topography, morphology, TNM stage grouping at diagnosis, comorbidity, treatment, country;Mod 3 adjusted for age, sex, topography, morphology, TNM stage grouping at diagnosis, comorbidity, smoking status, treatment, country.
a
Reference: mean of the five countries. Estonia was not included in model 3 as smoking data were not available; Switzerland was not included in model 2 and 3, as comorbidity and smoking data were not available.