Table 3.
Cox proportional hazard model analysis for predictors of time to death among adults with COVID-19 at Eka Kotebe General Hospital, COVID-19 Treatment Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021.
| Independent variables | Category | Bivariable cHR (95% CI) | Multivariable AHR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 18–40 | 1 | 1 |
| ≥40–64 | 2.63 (1.31–5.28)** | 2.18 (0.92–5.18) | |
| ≥65 | 4.96 (2.63–9.36)*** | 2.22 (1.02–4.86)* | |
| Sex | Female | 1 | 1 |
| Male | 2.03 (1.22–3.38)** | 3.04 (1.61–5.74)*** | |
| Fever | No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.32 (0.84–2.06) | 0.60 (0.35–1.04) | |
| Shortness of breathing | No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 4.58 (2.56–8.19)*** | 2.29 (1.16–4.54)* | |
| Myalgia | No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 2.07 (1.27–3.38)** | 0.94 (0.49–1.78) | |
| Fatigue | No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.29 (0.84–1.99) | 1.22 (0.68–2.19) | |
| Having existing comorbidity | No | 1 | 1 |
| ≥1 comorbidity | 4.90 (2.71,8.87)*** | 2.23 (1.04–4.80)* | |
| Hypertension | No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 2.67 (1.74–4.12)* | 0.73 (0.41–1.33) | |
| Diabetes mellitus | No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 2.63 (1.70–4.06)*** | 2.31 (1.30–4.08)** | |
| Cardiac disease (CHF) | No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 2.98(1.85–4.81) | 2.07(1.21–3.43)** | |
| Renal diseases | No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 3.25 (1.98–5.33)*** | 1.47 (0.82–2.63) | |
| White blood cell (103/µl) | <4 | 0.70 (0.32–1.59) | 0.56 (0.23–1.48) |
| ≥4–≤10 | 1 | 1 | |
| >10 | 4.19 (2.57–6.84)*** | 2.62 (1.55–4.44)*** | |
| Platelet count (cells/L) | ≤150 | 1.68 (1.08–2.61)* | 1.09 (0.67–1.80) |
| >150 | 1 | 1 | |
| Dexamethasone | No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 0.48 (0.27–0.86) | 0.54 (0.28–1.01) | |
| Unfractionated heparin | No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 0.57 (0.32–1.01) | 0.54 (0.27–1.09) |
cHR, Crude hazard ratio; AHR, adjusted hazard ratio.
*
Predictors at P-value < 0.05; **Predictors at P-value < 0.01; ***Predictors at P-value < 0.001.