Figure 3.

Bone marrow and monocyte-derived macrophages are the tip of mononuclear phagocyte iceberg.

Most work to date has been performed using mouse bone marrow derived macrophages or human monocyte derived macrophages. These provide important, tractable primary cell populations that can be considered to be representative of macrophages that derive from monocytes in acute inflammatory settings. However, there is a broad range of tissue-resident macrophages that remain relatively uncharacterized in terms of their baseline and adaptive metabolic states. These are represented within the body of the iceberg beneath the surface. Future work will need to explore metabolism in these cells during health and disease, and to confirm the relatedness of findings from mice and humans.