Table 4.

Different coping styles and their description[31,33]

Coping styles	Description	Usefulness/Purpose
Emotion-focused coping style	• It involves reducing emotional disturbance associated with stress while ignoring to address the problem. • It focuses on ourselves and our emotion	• Aim to reduce emotional distress • Similar to the cognitive approach • It is considered problematic because it may reason for mental health issues • It can be useful in the long term if the problem is uncontrollable
Problem-focused coping style	• Address problems causing distress	• Act by identifying and interpreting the problems and planning to solve the problems • Consider the most effective way to deal with stress • Similar to the behavioral approach
Meaning-focused coping style	• It uses cognitive strategies to process and make sense of the meaning of a situation	• Useful when one cannot control the situation • Religious and spiritual beliefs and values play an important part in this coping style
Social coping (support-seeking)	• When a person neutralizes stress by taking emotional or instrumental support from his/her community or society	• Children and adolescents seek support from parents or peers via this coping style
Avoidance-focused coping style	• Trying to avoid stressful situations or events by distraction	• Responsible for the negative functioning of individual