Table 1. Demographic, comorbidity, and laboratory characteristics according to frail status.
| Variable | Total (N=93) | Frail (n=47) | No frail (n=46) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median age (years) (IQR) | 64 (53-69) | 67 (61-73) | 59 (51-66) | <0.001 | |
| Gender | 0.043 -- | ||||
| Male [n (%)] | 55 (59.14) | 23 (48.94) | 32 (69.57) | ||
| Female [n (%)] | 38 (40.86) | 24 (51.06) | 14 (30.43) | -- | |
| Origin | 0.144 | ||||
| Rural [n (%)] | 20 (21.51) | 13 (27.66) | 7 (15.22) | -- | |
| Urban [n (%)] | 73 (78.49) | 34 (72.34) | 39 (84.78) | -- | |
| Occupation and employment status | -- | ||||
| Home [n (%)] | 30 (32.26) | 20 (42.55) | 10 (21.74) | -- | |
| Unemployed [n (%)] | 12 (12.90) | 8 (17.02) | 4 (8.70) | -- | |
| Merchant [n (%)] | 7 (7.53) | 0 (0) | 7 (15.22) | -- | |
| Farmer [n (%)] | 6 (6.45) | 4 (8.51) | 2 (4.35) | -- | |
| Other [n (%)] | 38 (40.86) | 15 (31.91) | 23 (50) | -- | |
| Labor active [n (%)] | 51 (54.84) | 19 (40.43) | 32 (69.57) | 0.005 | |
| Frail scale score | -- | ||||
| 0 [n (%)] | 9 (9.68) | 0 | 9 (19.57) | -- | |
| 1 [n (%)] | 19 (20.43) | 0 | 19 (41.3) | -- | |
| 2 [n (%)] | 18 (19.3%) | 0 | 18 (39.13) | -- | |
| 3 [n (%)] | 14 (15.05) | 14 (29.79) | 0 | -- | |
| 4 [n (%)] | 23 (24.73) | 23 (48.94) | 0 | -- | |
| 5 [n (%)] | 10 (10.75) | 10 (21.28) | 0 | -- | |
| Charlson comorbidity index [Mean ± SD] | 6.17 ± 2.30 | 7.06 ± 2.11 | 5.26 ± 2.14 | <0.001 | |
| Arterial hypertension [n (%)] | 81 (87.1) | 40 (85.11) | 41 (89.13) | 0.563 | |
| Diabetes [n (%)] | 66 (70.97) | 37 (78.72) | 29 (63.04) | 0.096 | |
| Ischemic heart disease [n (%)] | 17 (18.28) | 13 (27.66) | 4 (8.70) | 0.03 | |
| Chronic heart failure [n (%)] | 26 (27.96) | 21 (44.68) | 5 (10.87) | <0.001 | |
| Peripheral arterial disease [n (%)] | 17 (18.28) | 11 (23.4) | 6 (13.04) | 0.196 | |
| Stroke [n (%)] | 8 (8.60) | 5 (10.64) | 3 (6.52) | 0.479 | |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [n (%)] | 5 (5.38) | 3 (6.38) | 2 (4.35) | 0.664 | |
| Blood urea nitrogen [Mean ± SD] | 54.55 ± 17.9 | 55.3 ± 20.12 | 53.8 ± 15.5 | 0.688 | |
| Creatinine Median (IQR) | 5.65 (4.32-7.09) | 5 (3.76-6.18) | 6.95 (5.16-7.9) | <0.001 | |
| Hemoglobin [Mean ± SD] | 9.59 ± 1.46 | 9.66 ± 1.47 | 9.52 ± 1,46 | 0.6663 | |
| Corrected serum calcium [Mean ± SD] | 8.74 (8.1-9.14) | 8.83 (8.57-9.17) | 8.56 (7.89-9.02) | 0.019 | |
| Serum albumin [Mean ± SD] | 3.44 ± 0.59 | 3.29 ± 0.61 | 3.59 ± 0.54 | 0.015 | |
| Serum parathyroid hormone [Mean ± SD] | 246.4 (170.7-387.3) | 223.4 (164.4-316.3) | 295.85 (207.9-493.3) | 0.012 |
IQR: Interquartile range; SD: Standard deviation