1. Details of each hospital at home study.
| N | Length of follow‐up | Population | Conditions | Intervention | Control | Location | Mean age (SD) | 24‐hour care provision | |
| Andrei 2011 | 45 | 12 months | Patients with chronic heart failure that had deteriorated at a minimum of 1 week prior to recruitment | Chronic heart failure | Admission avoidance hospital at home; the first 48 hours of treatment was in the ED | Unknown | Romania | Unknown | Not reported |
| Caplan 1999 | T: 51 C: 49 |
6 months | Patients attended casualty | Range of acute conditions | Hospital community outreach team | Hospital care | Australia | T: 73 (median) C: 79 (median) |
Not reported |
| Corwin 2005 | T: 98 C: 96 |
6 days | Patients attended emergency department | Cellulitis | Hospital at home admission avoidance from the ED by GP and community care nursing staff | Hospital care | New Zealand | T: 54.6 (20.6) C: 48.4 (19.0) |
Not reported |
| Davies 2000 | T: 100 C: 50 |
3 months | Patients attended A&E with chronic obstructive airways disease | COPD | Admission avoidance hospital at home by outreach specialist nurses and GP/community nurses | Hospital care | UK | Unknown | District nurses |
| Echevarria 2018 | T: 62 C: 58 |
90 days | Patients over 35 years of age admitted to hospital with COPD | COPD | Once‐ or twice‐daily vists from respiratory specialist nurse under remote supervision from consultant | Hospital care | UK | T: 71.0 (9.6) C: 68.7 (10.5) |
24/7 contact with HAH team available |
| Harris 2005 | T: 39 C: 37 |
90 days | Patients attended emergency department or acute assessment ward | Range of acute conditions | Hospital outreach programme; nurse‐led team provided care and rehab in patients' homes | Hospital care | New Zealand | 80.0 | 24‐hour on‐call geriatrician |
| Kalra 2000 | T: 153 C: 152 |
12 months | Patients within 72 hours of stroke onset | Moderately severe stroke | Hospital outreach admission avoidance multidisciplinary care | Hospital care, stroke unit care | UK | T: 77.7 C: 77.3 (medians) |
Not reported |
| Levine 2018 | T: 9 C: 11 |
30 days | Patients over 18 years of age attending emergency department | Infection, heart failure, COPD, asthma exacerbation | Hospital at home; at least 1 daily visit from general internist, 2 daily visits from nurse | Hospital care | USA | T: 65 (28) C: 60 (29) median (IQR) |
Attending physician available 24/7 |
| Levine 2020 | T: 43 C: 48 |
30 days | Patients over 18 years of age attending emergency department | Infection, heart failure, COPD, asthma exacerbation | Hospital at home; at least 1 daily visit from general internist, 2 daily visits from nurse | Hospital care | USA | T: 80 (19) C: 72 (23) median (IQR) |
Attending physician available 24/7 |
| Mendoza 2009 | T: 37 C: 34 |
1 year | Patients in A&E with acute decompensation of chronic heart failure | Heart failure | Admission avoidance hospital at home; hospital outreach model | Hospital care | Spain | 79 | Emergency services |
| Nicholson 2001 | T: 13 C: 12 |
Duration of treatment | Patients over 45 years of age with COPD referred by GP or emergency staff | COPD | Hospital at home | Hospital care | Australia | Unknown | 24‐hour telephone support by hospital staff |
| Ricauda 2004 | T: 60 C: 60 |
6 months | Patients admitted to hospital within 24 hours of onset of stroke symptoms | Stroke | Hospital outreach admission avoidance | Hospital care | Italy | T: 82.5 (8.6) C: 79.5 (6.7) |
Physician and nurse available 24 hours |
| Ricauda 2008 | T: 52 C: 52 |
6 months | Patients admitted to hospital for acute exacerbation of COPD | COPD | Physician‐led admission avoidance hospital outreach service | Hospital care | Italy | T: 80.1 (3.2) C: 79.2 (3.1) |
HAH staff available 24 hours |
| Richards 2005 | T: 24 C: 25 |
6 weeks | Patients presented to emergency room with pneumonia | Community‐acquired pneumonia | Hospital at home: admission avoidance from emergency room | Hospital care | New Zealand | T: 50.1 C: 49.8 |
24‐hour emergency contact number |
| Shepperd 2021 | T: 687 C: 345 |
12 months | Patients over 65 years of age referred to HAH | Range of acute conditions | Admission avoidance hospital at home; geriatrician‐led multidisciplinary team | Hospital care | UK | T: 83.3 (7.0) C: 83.3 (6.9) |
NHS telephone out‐of‐hours service, plus site‐specific arrangements for overnight care |
| Talcott 2011 | T: 47 C: 66 |
Duration of acute episode | Patients who had chemotherapy | Febrile neutropenia | Admission avoidance hospital at home; commercial home care provider | Hospital care | USA | 47 (median) 20 to 81 (range) |
Not reported |
| Tibaldi 2004 | T: 56 C: 53 |
Until discharge | Patients with advanced dementia | Range of acute conditions | Hospital at home; geriatric home hospitalisation service | Hospital care | Italy | T: 82.9 (7.9) C: 84.1 (7.5) |
Not reported |
| Tibaldi 2009 | T: 48 C: 53 |
6 months | Patients presented to emergency department | Chronic heart failure | Admission avoidance hospital at home; hospital outreach | Hospital care | Italy | 81 | HAH staff available 24 hours |
| Vianello 2013 | T: 26 C: 27 |
3 months | Patients with neuromuscular disease | Acute respiratory tract infection | Hospital at home; portable ventilator, respiratory therapist daily visits | Hospital care | Italy | T: 44.6 (20.4) C: 46.7 (20.2) |
Pulmonologist available by telephone |
| Wilson 1999 | T: 102 C: 97 |
3 months | Majority elderly, referred by GP to Bed Bureau | Range of acute conditions | Admission avoidance hospital at home | Hospital care | UK | 84 (median) | 24‐hour care available |
A&E: accident & emergency department C: control COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ED: emergency department GP: general practitioner HAH: hospital at home IQR: interquartile range SD: standard deviation T: treatment