TABLE 2.

Overview of recommendations by a selection of scholarly institutions

Institution	Type and year of publication	Target population(s)	Summary of recommendations regarding LCSs
WHO	Guideline, 2023 [9]	General population	•LCSs should not be used as a means of achieving weight control or reducing the risk of cardiometabolic diseases.
American Heart Association	Advisory paper, 2018 [47]	General population and patients with diabetes	•LCS-containing beverages can be a useful replacement strategy to reduce sugar for adults who are habitually high consumers of sugars. •LCS-containing beverages can help people with diabetes manage blood glucose levels. •Prolonged consumption of LCS-containing beverages is not advised for children.
Diabetes UK	Position statement, 2018 [45]	Patients with diabetes	•Substituting LCSs for sugars may be a useful, relatively simple strategy to assist with weight management, especially for people who regularly consume sweet foods and drinks and prefer sweet taste. •Replacing sugars with LCSs can be a helpful strategy to aid glucose management in children and adults with diabetes.
American Diabetes Association	Information on website, 2024 [46]	Patients with diabetes	•LCSs may not help manage blood sugar or weight or improve cardiometabolic health in the long term.

Abbreviation: LCS, low-calorie sweetener.