Table 2. Risk of bias assessment for non-randomized intervention study by using ROBINS-I tool.

Study	D1	D2	D3	D4	D5	D6	D7	Overall
Cerit et al., 2023 [14]
Cheng et al., 2017 [15]
Hu et al., 2019 [16]
Javadov et al., 2021 [17]
Jin et al., 2021 [18]
Korkusuz et al., 2018 [19]
Sönmez et al., 2023 [20]
Vorländer et al., 2018 [21]
Yue et al., 2017 [22]

D1: Bias due to confounding, D2: Bias due to selection of participants, D3: Bias in classification of interventions, D4: Bias due to deviations from intended interventions, D5: Bias due to missing data, D6: Bias in measurement of outcomes, D7: Bias in selection of the reported result.

D = domain, ROBINS-I = Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies - of Interventions, + = low, x = serious