Table 4.
Univariate and multivariate analyses of factors associated with overall survival#.
| Factors | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low CXI | Low H-CXI | |||||
| HR (95%CI) | p | HR (95%CI) | p | HR (95%CI) | p | |
| Age, years | ||||||
| ≥75/<75 | 1.741 (1.393–2.177) | <0.001 * | 1.545 (1.218–1.959) | < 0.001 * | 1.543 (1.215–1.960) | < 0.001 * |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male/Female | 0.963 (0.780–1.187) | 0.721 | 0.987 (0.800–1.219) | 0.906 | 0.991 (0.803–1.224) | 0.935 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | ||||||
| ≥25/<25 | 0.982 (0.770–1.252) | 0.883 | – | – | – | – |
| Low CXI | ||||||
| Yes/No | 1.542 (1.237–1.922) | <0.001 * | 1.476 (1.178–1.849) | 0.001 * | – | – |
| Low H-CXI | ||||||
| Yes/No | 1.534 (1.230–1.913) | <0.001 * | – | – | 1.369 (1.090–1.720) | 0.007 * |
| Cachexia | ||||||
| Yes/No | 1.308 (1.052–1.626) | 0.016 * | 1.187 (0.915–1.540) | 0.197 | 1.212 (0.936–1.570) | 0.145 |
| Anemia | ||||||
| Yes/No | 1.100 (0.889–1.360) | 0.382 | – | – | – | – |
| NRS2002 | ||||||
| ≥3/<3 | 1.231 (0.995–1.523) | 0.055 | 0.968 (0.748–1.254) | 0.807 | 0.958 (0.741–1.239) | 0.743 |
| ASA grade | ||||||
| III/I, II | 1.688 (1.264–2.254) | <0.001 * | 1.574 (1.168–2.121) | 0.003 * | 1.480 (1.100–1.992) | 0.010 * |
| Previous abdominal surgery | ||||||
| Yes/No | 0.998 (0.768–1.297) | 0.989 | – | – | – | – |
| Tumor location | ||||||
| Rectum/Colon | 0.986 (0.800–1.216) | 0.895 | – | – | – | – |
| Differentiation of tumor | ||||||
| Low/median or high | 1.446 (1.108–1.889) | 0.007 * | 1.362 (1.036–1.791) | 0.027 * | 1.325 (1.008–1.742) | 0.044 * |
| TNM stage | ||||||
| II/<I | 1.011 (0.764–1.337) | 0.940 | 0.938 (0.708–1.244) | 0.656 | 0.943 (0.711–1.249) | 0.680 |
| III/<I | 1.479 (1.127–1.943) | 0.005 * | 1.332 (1.007–1.763) | 0.045 * | 1.345 (1.017–1.779) | 0.038 * |
| Combined organ resection | ||||||
| Yes/No | 0.829 (0.523–1.316) | 0.427 | – | – | – | – |
| Laparoscopic surgery | ||||||
| Yes/No | 0.838 (0.682–1.031) | 0.094 | 0.943 (0.763–1.165) | 0.585 | 0.952 (0.770–1.176) | 0.648 |
HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index; CXI, cachexia index; NRS2002, Nutritional Risk Screening 2002; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; TNM, tumor-node-metastasis. * Statistically significant. # Cox proportional hazards models were utilized.