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. 2024 Mar 4;14:5371. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-55998-3

Figure 3.

Figure 3

µCT analysis of the palatine bone. (A) 3D reconstruction of the palatine bone in E18.5 WT, Dhcr7 KO, andSc5d KO mice. Definitions of landmarks: 1. most anterior-lateral point of the palatine plate; 2. tip of the orbital process of the palatine bone; 3. lateral point of the palatine bone; 4. posterior point of the palatine bone; 5. posterior-medial point of the horizontal plate of the palatine bone; 6. anterior-medial point of the horizontal plate of the palatine bone; and 7. anterior superior point of the perpendicular plate. Scale bar: 1 mm. (B) Wiring trace of the palatine bone in E18.5 WT (blue), Dhcr7 KO (orange), and Sc5d KO (red) mice. Arrows indicate the missing portion in Sc5d KO mice. (C) Quantification of the size (length, width, height, right-left distance, and volume) of the palatine bone from Dhcr7 WT (green bars), Dhcr7 KO (yellow bar), Sc5d WT (blue bars), and Sc5d KO (red bars) mice. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ns, not significant. (D) Scatter plots of individual scores of PCA displaying the degree of morphological variances (length, width, height, right-left distance and volume) of the palatine in Dhcr7 WT (green dots), Dhcr7 KO (yellow dots), Sc5d WT (blue dots), and Sc5d KO (red dots) mice, shown by PC1 and PC2. Distribution in mutants (Sc5d KO and Dhcr7 KO) and control littermates (Sc5d WT and Dhcr7 WT) along with 10 principal components (blue arrows) are shown.