Table 1.
Clinical and demographic information of the participants.
| Variables | Overall (n=24) | Control (n=13) | iSMARTa (n=11) | P valueb | ||||||||||
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 59 (12) | 57 (12) | 62 (11) | .35 | ||||||||||
| Sex, n (%) | >.99 | |||||||||||||
|
|
Male | 14 (58) | 8 (62) | 6 (55) |
|
|||||||||
|
|
Female | 10 (42) | 5 (38) | 5 (45) |
|
|||||||||
| Marital status, n (%) | >.99 | |||||||||||||
|
|
Married or cohabitating | 13 (54) | 7 (54) | 6 (55) |
|
|||||||||
|
|
Separated, divorced, or widowed | 7 (29) | 4 (31) | 3 (27) |
|
|||||||||
|
|
Single | 4 (17) | 2 (15) | 2 (18) |
|
|||||||||
| Total household income (US $), n (%) | .18 | |||||||||||||
|
|
0 to 14,999 | 3 (12) | 0 (0) | 3 (27) |
|
|||||||||
|
|
15,000 to 34,999 | 5 (21) | 2 (15) | 3 (27) |
|
|||||||||
|
|
35,000 to 54,999 | 4 (17) | 4 (31) | 0 (0) |
|
|||||||||
|
|
55,000 to 74,999 | 3 (12) | 2 (15) | 1 (9.1) |
|
|||||||||
|
|
75,000 or more | 7 (29) | 4 (31) | 3 (27) |
|
|||||||||
|
|
Do not wish to answer | 2 (8.3) | 1 (7.7) | 1 (9.1) |
|
|||||||||
| Premorbid disability (Modified Rankin Scale), n (%) | .77 | |||||||||||||
|
|
No symptoms | 20 (83) | 11 (85) | 9 (82) |
|
|||||||||
|
|
No significant disability | 3 (12) | 2 (15) | 1 (9.1) |
|
|||||||||
|
|
Slight disability | 1 (4.2) | 0 (0) | 1 (9.1) |
|
|||||||||
| Stroke severity (NIHc Stroke Scale), mean (SD) | 3.5 (4.2) | 1.8 (3.1) | 5.5 (4.7) | .06 | ||||||||||
| Residential status, n (%) | .21 | |||||||||||||
|
|
Alone | 8 (33) | 6 (46) | 2 (18) |
|
|||||||||
|
|
With others | 16 (67) | 7 (54) | 9 (82) |
|
|||||||||
| Financial responsibilities, n (%) | .46 | |||||||||||||
|
|
Dependent | 23 (96) | 13 (100) | 10 (91) |
|
|||||||||
|
|
Primary or partial responsibility | 1 (4.2) | 0 (0) | 1 (9.1) |
|
|||||||||
| Race, n (%) | .68 | |||||||||||||
|
|
Black | 9 (38) | 4 (31) | 5 (45) |
|
|||||||||
|
|
White | 15 (62) | 9 (69) | 6 (55) |
|
|||||||||
| Stroke diagnosis, n (%) | >.99 | |||||||||||||
|
|
Hemorrhagic | 4 (17) | 2 (15) | 2 (18) |
|
|||||||||
|
|
Ischemic | 20 (83) | 11 (85) | 9 (82) |
|
|||||||||
| Stroke side, n (%) | .75 | |||||||||||||
|
|
Bilateral | 1 (4.2) | 0 (0) | 1 (9.1) |
|
|||||||||
|
|
Left | 7 (29) | 3 (23) | 4 (36) |
|
|||||||||
|
|
Right | 9 (38) | 6 (46) | 3 (27) |
|
|||||||||
|
|
Unknown | 7 (29) | 4 (31) | 3 (27) |
|
|||||||||
| Time since stroke (days), mean (SD) | 1245 (1079) | 957 (1059) | 1585 (1048) | .09 | ||||||||||
| Education (years), mean (SD) | 15 (3) | 14 (3) | 15 (3) | .55 | ||||||||||
| Number of the previous stroke, mean (SD) | 2 (4) | 2 (2) | 3 (5) | .18 | ||||||||||
aiSMART: interactive Self-Management Augmented by Rehabilitation Technologies
bWilcoxon rank sum test; Fisher exact test.
cNIH: National Institutes of Health.