Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of septic patients classified by ARDS
| Variables | All patients n = 2323 |
Non-ARDS group n = 749 | ARDS group n = 1574 |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male, n (%) | 1490 (64.1) | 450 (60.1) | 1040 (66.1) | 0.005 |
| Age, median (IQR), years | 64 (50–77) | 62 (47–75) | 65 (51–77) | < 0.001 |
| BMI, median (IQR), kg/m2 | 23.3 (20.9–25.3) | 22.9 (20.8–24.8) | 23.4 (21.2–25.4) | 0.002 |
| Chronic comorbidities, n (%) | ||||
| COPD/asthma | 179 (7.7) | 32 (4.3) | 147 (9.3) | < 0.001 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 362 (15.6) | 122 (16.3) | 240 (15.2) | 0.518 |
| Hypertension | 775 (33.4) | 238 (31.8) | 537 (34.1) | 0.263 |
| Diabetes | 449 (19.3) | 149 (19.9) | 300 (19.1) | 0.634 |
| Cancer | 231 (9.9) | 78 (10.4) | 153 (9.7) | 0.602 |
| CKD | 148 (6.4) | 41 (5.5) | 107 (6.8) | 0.222 |
| Chronic liver disease | 43 (1.9) | 9 (1.2) | 34 (2.2) | 0.109 |
| Admission type, n (%) | ||||
| Medical | 1311 (56.4) | 429 (57.3) | 882 (56.0) | < 0.001 |
| Surgical | 482 (20.7) | 200 (26.7) | 282 (17.9) | < 0.001 |
| Emergency | 530 (22.8) | 120 (16.0) | 410 (26.0) | < 0.001 |
| Site of infection, n (%) | ||||
| Lung | 1156 (49.8) | 289 (38.6) | 867 (55.1) | < 0.001 |
| Abdomen | 448 (19.3) | 219 (29.2) | 229 (14.5) | < 0.001 |
| Bloodstream | 345 (14.9) | 112 (15.0) | 233 (14.8) | 0.924 |
| Urinary tract | 317 (13.6) | 104 (13.9) | 213 (13.5) | 0.817 |
| Others | 57 (2.4) | 25 (3.3) | 32 (2.1) | 0.057 |
| Organism responsible for sepsis, n (%) | ||||
| GPC | 471 (20.3) | 143 (19.1) | 328 (20.8) | 0.328 |
| GNB | 548 (23.6) | 173 (23.1) | 375 (23.8) | 0.700 |
| Virus | 106 (4.6) | 31 (4.1) | 75 (4.8) | 0.499 |
| Fungus | 73 (3.1) | 21 (2.8) | 52 (3.3) | 0.519 |
| Others | 40 (1.7) | 11 (1.5) | 29 (1.8) | 0.517 |
| PaO2/FiO2, median (IQR), mmHg | 229 (151–350) | 400 (355–434) | 178 (122–232) | < 0.001 |
| Use of corticosteroid, n (%) | 396 (17.0) | 114 (15.2) | 282 (17.9) | 0.106 |
| APACHE II score, median (IQR) | 19 (14–25) | 17 (12–23) | 20 (15–26) | < 0.001 |
| SOFA score, median (IQR) | 7 (5–10) | 6 (3–9) | 8 (5–11) | < 0.001 |
| Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 1809 (77.9) | 528 (70.5) | 1281 (81.4) | < 0.001 |
| RRT, n (%) | 439 (18.9) | 112 (15.0) | 327 (20.8) | < 0.001 |
| Septic shock, n (%) | 1133 (48.8) | 343 (45.8) | 790 (50.2) | 0.048 |
| MAP, median (IQR), mmHg | 75 (60–90) | 73 (60–87) | 76 (61–90) | 0.095 |
| Outcomes | ||||
| LOS in ICU, median (IQR), days | 8 (4–17) | 6 (3–15) | 9 (5–18) | < 0.001 |
| LOS in hospital, median (IQR), days | 18 (10–28) | 17 (9–28) | 19 (11–29) | 0.019 |
| ICU mortality, n (%) | 363 (15.6) | 82 (10.9) | 280 (17.8) | < 0.001 |
| 30-day mortality, n (%) | 649 (27.9) | 128 (17.1) | 521 (33.1) | < 0.001 |
| Hospital mortality, n (%) | 875 (37.7) | 178 (23.8) | 697 (44.3) | < 0.001 |
Abbreviations: ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; BMI, body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; GPC, Gram positive cocci; GNB, Gram negative bacteria; APACHE II, acute physiologic and chronic health evaluation II; SOFA, sequential organ failure assessment; RRT, renal replacement therapy; MAP, mean arterial pressure; LOS, length of stay; ICU, intensive care unit