Table 2.

Examples of exoskeleton applications

Year	Exoskeletons	Subjects	Results	Reference
2023	Low Back Exoskeleton	14 nurses	Satisfaction score of the nurses relative to the use of the exoskeleton was 6/10. The median impact of the exoskeleton on nurses’ fatigue was 7/10.	[5]
2023	Qualitative research	8 nurses	Exoskeleton was felt to be easy to use after initial adjustments	[61]
2023	Qualitative research	7 nurses	Five themes emerged from the interviews (workflow, user needs, hindrances, motivation for intervention, and acceptance)	[63]
2022	Passive back-assist exoskeleton	23 nurses	Perceived usefulness and enjoyment of use increases and anxiety toward the use decreases nurses’ exoskeleton acceptance.	[26]
2021	Hybrid assistive limb	19 nurses	Mean lumbar fatigue VAS score for all participants without the HAL for Care Support was 62 mm, while that with it was 43 mm.	[62]
2021	Passive back-support exoskeletons	20 nurses	The muscle activities of the erector spinae were significantly lower (up to 11.2%) compared to no exoskeleton use	[64]
2020	Passive shoulder-assist exoskeleton	4 surgical nurses	Usability scale was 81.3 out of 100	[53]