Table 1.

The themes, sub-themes and codes

Themes	Sub-themes	Codes
The direct effects of sanctions on health issues	Less affordability of healthcare services	• Ffluctuateing and sharp increase of healthcare services prices • Increasing out-of-pocket payment for healthcare services • Delay in reimbursement by health insurance
	Limited availability and accessibility to medicine	• Difficulties in access to medicines • Shortage of medicines
	Low quality of medicines	• Replacing the high-quality medical products with lower quality • Procurement of medicine from the black market with unreliable quality
The side effects of sanctions on non-health issues	Perceived devastation and Decreased social trust	• Frustration • Instability • Future uncertainty • Distrust and disappointment (distrust to govrnment)
	Life’s economic hardships	• Lower capacity to pay for essential living needs (including meal, medical expenditures, and other commodities)
Coping strategies in response to sanctions’ effects	Re-prioritizing individual and family needs	• Prioritising ones co-morbidities • Prioritising health needs of several sick persons in a family • Re-prioritising living needs vs. health/illness-management needs
	Procrastination	• Ignoring illness symptoms • Delaying illness treatment and management