Table 2.

Comparison of cardiopulmonary exercise testing outcomes among survivors and cases

Variable	Survivors (n = 130)	Death/LTX (n = 44)
Duration of exercise, s	392 ± 123 (60, 980)	318 ± 123 (120, 570)
$\dot{\text{V}}$o2peak, L ⋅ min−1	1.3 ± 0.5 (0.6, 2.8)	1.0 ± 0.3 (0.6, 2.2)
$\dot{\text{V}}$o2peak, ml ⋅ min−1 ⋅ kg−1	22.5 ± 7.4 (9.0, 48.5)	18.5 ± 5.3 (9.5, 34.5)
$\dot{\text{V}}$o2peak% predicted	48.2 ± 13.7 (21.7, 98.1)	38.2 ± 10.6 (20.6, 73.7)
Wpeak, W	101.5 ± 39.2 (25.0, 247.9)	69.2 ± 25.9 (30.0, 141.0
Wpeak, W ⋅ kg−1	1.8 ± 0.6 (0.6, 4.2)	1.3 ± 0.4 (0.6, 2.8)
Wpeak% predicted	56.3 ± 17.3 (20.9, 127.3)	39.9 ± 12.7 (17.0, 72.7)
HRpeak, beats ⋅ min−1	152 ± 19 (105, 196)	143 ± 18 (116, 186)
HRpeak% predicted	82.4 ± 11.5 (35.0, 135.0)	78.2 ± 8.8 (63.0, 100.0)
RERpeak	1.1 ± 0.1 (0.8, 1.6)	1.1 ± 0.2 (0.7, 1.5)
$\dot{\text{V}}$epeak, L ⋅ min−1	45.7 ± 15.0 (20.0, 89.0)	36.1 ± 14.0 (17.0, 80.0)
fRpeak, breaths ⋅ min−1	42.9 ± 10.7 (16.0, 76.0)	41.6 ± 8.7 (28.0, 67.0)
Vtpeak, L	1.3 ± 0.5 (0.3, 3.4)	1.0 ± 0.5 (0.4, 2.4)
$\dot{\text{V}}$epeak/MVVpred, %	95.9 ± 22.3 (46.0, 170.1)	91.5 ± 23.0 (49.7, 173.6)
SpO2peak, %*	91 ± 5 (72, 99)	87 ± 7 (69, 97)

Definition of abbreviations: fR_peak = breathing frequency at peak exercise; HR_peak = peak heart rate; MVV = maximum voluntary ventilation (calculated as forced expiratory volume in 1 s × 40); RER_peak = respiratory exchange ratio at peak exercise; Sp_O2peak = oxygen saturation at peak exercise; $\dot{\text{V}}$e_peak = peak minute ventilation; $\dot{\text{V}}$e_peak/MVV_pred = breathing reserve; $\dot{\text{V}}$o_2peak = peak oxygen uptake; Vt_peak = tidal volume at peak exercise; W_peak = peak work rate.

Data are mean ± standard deviation (minimum, maximum values) or n (%) of the study sample.

^*Data were available for 141 patients (n = 106 survivors, n = 35 cases).