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. 2023 Jul 6;2:kvad008. doi: 10.1093/oons/kvad008

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Potential applications of GBM 3D organoids. GBM 3D organoids offer unique opportunities to study not only GBM biology including tumor progression, tumor migration, invasion and relapse, but also treatment responses with novel therapeutic methods such as immunotherapy and gene therapy. Further improvement of these models to mimic the complex tumor microenvironment is required to better recapitulate the tumor tissue and treatment response.