Table 2.

Summary of studies evaluating the impact of paternal age on ART outcome

Authors & Year	Country	Number of IVF Cycles	ART method	Effect of paternal age on ART success rate	Paternal age Cutoff (years)
Horta, F., B. Vollenhoven, et al. (2019).	Australia	2425	IVF/ISCI	Worsening of clinical outcomes with increasing male age, with a significantly worse live birth and clinical pregnancy outcomes	>50
Vogiatzi, P., A. Pouliakis, et al. (2021).	Greece	339	ICSI	Advanced male age was a negative predictive factor for biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, and live birth	>50
Cheung, S., A. Parrella, et al. (2019).	USA	157	IVF/ICSI	Fertilization rate was lowest in the >55 age group. Clinical pregnancy rate was highest in the 25–30 age group (81.0%) but was absent in the 50–55 and >55 age groups. Rate of pregnancy loss was highest in the 51–55 age group.	>50
Plastira, K., R. Angelopoulou, et al. (2007).	Greece	78	ICSI	Advanced paternal age does not have a significantly increased risk of producing offspring with chromosomal abnormalities compared to younger infertile men. No relationship between paternal age and ICSI outcomes of OA patients was observed.	>35
de La Rochebrochard, E., J. de Mouzon, et al. (2006	France	1938	ICSI	The odds ratio of failure to conceive for paternal age >40 years was 2.00 when the woman was 35–37 years old, 2.03 for age 38–40 years, and 5.74 for age 41 years and over.	>40
Abdel Raheem, A., N. Rushwan, et al. (2013	United Kingdom	137	ICSI	In men with azoospermia, paternal age did not influence the ICSI outcome.	NA
Bartolacci, A., L. Pagliardini, et al. (2018).	Italy	1266	ICSI	Paternal age did not affect top quality blastocyst formation rate nor ongoing pregnancy rate.	NA