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. 2023 Aug 16;5:140–147. doi: 10.1109/OJEMB.2023.3305838

TABLE II. Maximum and Mean Difference for Reflection and Transmission-Based Inline graphic Between Full and Empty Bladder Cases.

Inline graphic (dB) Inline graphic (dB)
Reflection-based Transmission-based
Frequency Mean Max Mean Max
1-2 GHz 0.064 0.472 2.738 33.008
0.219 3.635 4.714 31.423
2-3 GHz 0.068 0.287 0.739 7.007
0.381 3.241 2.315 25.862
3-4 GHz 0.265 2.798 0.278 4.017
0.283 2.034 1.902 17.396
4-5 GHz 0.091 0.416 0.333 2.724
0.418 1.969 1.116 6.951

‘Reflection-Based’ S-Parameters are Defined to Include Both Inline graphic Data and Inline graphic (I.e., Inline graphic Where i = J is Possible), Where Antennas I and J are on the Same Side of the Body. Results of Male and Female Models are Represented as Blue and Red Cells, Respectively. We Note That the Standard Deviation of the Mean S-Parameter Difference, Over All Frequency Points, is 0.0013 for the Female Model and 0.0007 for the Male.