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. 2023 Dec 27;5:107–124. doi: 10.1109/OJEMB.2023.3345733

TABLE IV. Ablation Zone Measurements 2450 MHz.

Patient Fat Content Index 0 1 2 3 4
Steatosis Grade No Fat
(0-6%)
Low
(0-6%)
Mild
(6-17%)
Moderate ( 17-22%) High
(>22%)
Results in Tumor Naïve Digital Twin
Long-Axis Diameter (cm) 3.92±0.08 4.00±0.09 4.09±0.12 4.10±0.05 4.36±0.06
Short-Axis Diameter (cm) 2.55±0.04 2.59±0.04 2.64±0.08 2.65±0.05 2.68±0.03
Ablation Volume (cm3) 11.62±0.24 12.07±0.1* 13.25±0.3* 14.12±0.18* 15.07±0.4*
Results in Tumor Informed Digital Twin
Long Axis-Diameter (cm) 4.01±0.11 4.01±0.12 4.02±0.11 4.03±0.09 4.04±0.08
Short Axis-Diameter (cm) 2.44±0.04 2.51±0.06 2.83±0.02**,† 3.03±0.02**,† 3.10±0.05*,†
Ablation Volume (cm3) 11.27±0.22 11.86±0.3* 14.22±0.2*, 16.33±0.4*, 17.48±0.6*,
*P<.05 **P<.01 reports a greater metric when compared to the corresponding metric of the preceding, lower fat content
† = P<.01 reports a greater metric when compared to the corresponding metric within the same fat content between digital twins

The disease status and fat-content range for each patient with the final ablation volume (cm), long-axis diameter (cm), and short-axis diameter (cm) in Tumor Naïve (control) and Tumor Informed digital twins (2450 MHz antenna, 15 minutes at 60 W power).