Table 7.
MAE and MSE values obtained by KCGWO, GMM, and K-means.
| Dataset | MAE | MSE | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| KCGWO vs GMM | KCGWO vs K-means | GMM vs K-means | KCGWO vs K-means (centers) | KCGWO vs GMM | KCGWO vs K-means | GMM vs K-means | KCGWO vs K-means (centers) | |
| Emission | 0.6889 | 1.1532 | 0.9347 | 333.5077 | 0.9378 | 1.7564 | 1.4076 | 12.6256 |
| HTRU2 | 1.9047 | 1.1920 | 1.3160 | 39,612.27 | 5.5686 | 2.5295 | 3.1712 | 96.1929 |
| Wine | 0.3876 | 0.1292 | 0.3483 | 0.3215 | 0.3876 | 0.1292 | 0.3483 | 0.2505 |
| Breast cancer | 0.0845 | 0.0194 | 0.1039 | 12.2918 | 0.0845 | 0.0194 | 0.1039 | 760.4808 |
| Sonar | 0.4615 | 0.5769 | 0.2115 | 0.0358 | 0.4615 | 0.5769 | 0.2115 | 0.0027 |
| WDBC | 0.8576 | 0.0334 | 0.8313 | 17.8233 | 0.8576 | 0.0334 | 0.8313 | 3384.228 |
| Iris | 0.7600 | 0.8000 | 1.0667 | 0.6654 | 1.4933 | 1.5733 | 2.1333 | 1.2273 |
| 2022 Ukraine Russia war | 0.9536 | 0.8299 | 0.8351 | 275.3480 | 1.3557 | 0.9948 | 1.5567 | 254,083.1 |
| Average values | 0.7623 | 0.5917 | 0.7059 | 5031.533 | 1.3933 | 0.9516 | 1.2204 | 32,292.26 |