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. 2024 Mar 5;15:1986. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-46200-3

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — a Reaction scheme of the heterolytic cleavage of alkylsilane that generates the alkyl carbocation. Reaction of alkyl carbocation with water (e.g., moisture from environment) produces alcohol. b X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra of the uncoated surfaces of mica that show the appearance of the C-OH group after contact electrification. The notation C_n-mica refers to the uncoated surface after contact electrification against the surface coated with alkylsilanes of n number of carbon atoms. c Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) spectra of the alcohol (C_nH₂_n₊₁OH) of the uncoated surfaces before (yellow) and after (red) contact electrification against the alkylsilane-coated surfaces of different n. d Full spectra of ToF-SIMS of the uncoated surfaces after contact electrification. The peaks that correspond to the typical elements of mica (²³Na, ²⁷Al, ²⁸Si, ³⁹K, ⁴¹K) have been removed. e Odd-even effect of the ToF-SIMS intensities of the peaks of the alcohols (C_nH₂_n₊₁OH) of the uncoated surfaces after contact electrification. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.