Table 2.
Characteristics of individuals in the BC COVID-19 Cohort (tested vs. never tested, tested positive vs. tested negative, fully vaccinated vs. not) during the pre-Omicron period (to Nov 30th, 2021).
| Ever tested for COVID-19 | Ever tested positive for COVID-19 (among tested) | Fully vaccinated for COVID-19 (two or more doses) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No (N = 2,801,651) | Yes (N = 1,673,214) | aOR (95%CI) | No (N = 1,500,856) | Yes (N = 172,358) | aOR (95%CI) | No (N = 754,227) | Yes (N = 3,295,485) | aOR (95%CI) | |
| Column % | Column % | Column % | Column % | Column % | Column % | ||||
| Sex | |||||||||
| Female | 49.7 | 53.7 | 1.2 (1.1–1.2) | 54.1 | 50.1 | 0.9 (0.8–0.9) | 47.1 | 52.5 | 1.1 (1.1–1.1) |
| Male | 50.3 | 46.3 | Ref | 45.9 | 49.9 | Ref | 52.9 | 47.5 | Ref |
| Age (years) | |||||||||
| 0–4 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 3 (3–3.1) | 2.4 | 1.4 | 1 (0.9–1) | - | - | - |
| 5–11 | 6.8 | 8.4 | 3.5 (3.5–3.5) | 8.3 | 8.4 | 1.6 (1.5–1.6) | - | - | - |
| 12–17 | 6.5 | 6.6 | 2.8 (2.8–2.8) | 6.6 | 6.6 | 1.5 (1.5–1.5) | 8.9 | 6.8 | 0.7 (0.7–0.7) |
| 18–29 | 12.9 | 18.3 | 3.7 (3.7–3.7) | 17.9 | 22.0 | 1.8 (1.8–1.9) | 20.1 | 15.7 | 0.7 (0.7–0.7) |
| 30–39 | 12.3 | 18.2 | 3.7 (3.6–3.7) | 18.1 | 18.9 | 1.6 (1.6–1.7) | 19.6 | 15.2 | 0.7 (0.6–0.7) |
| 40–49 | 11.8 | 13.6 | 2.8 (2.7–2.8) | 13.4 | 15.1 | 1.8 (1.7–1.8) | 14.7 | 13.5 | 0.7 (0.7–0.8) |
| 50–59 | 13.7 | 11.9 | 2 (2–2) | 11.8 | 12.1 | 1.6 (1.6–1.7) | 14.2 | 14.4 | 0.8 (0.8–0.8) |
| 60–69 | 15.2 | 9.9 | 1.4 (1.4–1.4) | 10.1 | 8.2 | 1.3 (1.3–1.3) | 11.4 | 15.3 | 1 (0.9–1) |
| 70+ | 18.9 | 10.9 | Ref | 11.3 | 7.1 | Ref | 11.1 | 19.1 | Ref |
| Material deprivation (quintiles) | |||||||||
| 1 (least) | 17.7 | 20.0 | Ref | 20.6 | 14.8 | Ref | 15.6 | 19.5 | Ref |
| 2 | 22.4 | 23.2 | 0.9 (0.9–0.9) | 23.6 | 19.4 | 1 (1–1.1) | 20.3 | 23.0 | 0.9 (0.9–1) |
| 3 | 21.2 | 20.1 | 0.8 (0.8–0.8) | 20.2 | 18.6 | 1.1 (1.1–1.2) | 21.6 | 20.5 | 0.8 (0.8–0.8) |
| 4 | 20.2 | 18.3 | 0.8 (0.8–0.8) | 18.0 | 20.8 | 1.4 (1.4–1.5) | 21.7 | 18.9 | 0.7 (0.7–0.7) |
| 5 (most) | 14.2 | 13.7 | 0.8 (0.8–0.8) | 12.8 | 21.8 | 2 (2–2.1) | 15.7 | 13.6 | 0.7 (0.7–0.7) |
| Missing | 4.4 | 4.8 | 1 (1–1) | 4.8 | 4.8 | 1.4 (1.4–1.5) | 5.2 | 4.5 | 0.7 (0.7–0.7) |
| Social deprivation (quintiles) | |||||||||
| 1 (least) | 18.2 | 19.6 | - | 19.1 | 24.0 | - | 16.4 | 19.0 | - |
| 2 | 20.7 | 20.6 | - | 20.6 | 21.1 | - | 19.2 | 20.8 | - |
| 3 | 18.9 | 18.0 | - | 18.2 | 16.6 | - | 18.1 | 18.6 | - |
| 4 | 18.5 | 17.8 | - | 18.0 | 16.0 | - | 18.9 | 18.1 | - |
| 5 (most) | 19.3 | 19.2 | - | 19.4 | 17.6 | - | 22.3 | 19.0 | - |
| Missing | 4.4 | 4.8 | - | 4.8 | 4.8 | - | 5.2 | 4.5 | - |
| Regional health authority | |||||||||
| Fraser | 32.9 | 43.1 | Ref | 42.2 | 50.7 | Ref | 34.1 | 36.7 | Ref |
| Interior | 17.7 | 15.3 | 0.7 (0.7–0.7) | 15.3 | 15.6 | 0.9 (0.9–0.9) | 20.8 | 16.1 | 0.7 (0.7–0.7) |
| Northern | 6.8 | 4.9 | 0.6 (0.5–0.6) | 4.5 | 8.7 | 1.6 (1.6–1.7) | 9.1 | 5.2 | 0.5 (0.5–0.5) |
| Vancouver coastal | 23.0 | 23.0 | 0.8 (0.7–0.8) | 23.5 | 18.7 | 0.7 (0.7–0.7) | 20.9 | 23.8 | 1 (1–1) |
| Island | 19.6 | 13.7 | 0.5 (0.5–0.5) | 14.6 | 6.4 | 0.4 (0.4–0.4) | 15.1 | 18.2 | 1 (1–1) |
| Population segment (HSM) | |||||||||
| Non-user | 15.6 | 10.2 | 0.5 (0.5–0.5) | 10.0 | 11.4 | 1 (1–1) | 23.8 | 11.1 | 0.4 (0.4–0.4) |
| Healthy (low user) | 33.7 | 40.2 | Ref | 39.9 | 42.4 | Ref | 31.2 | 34.3 | Ref |
| Adult major age 18+ | 3.0 | 3.3 | 1.2 (1.2–1.2) | 3.3 | 3.2 | 1 (0.9–1) | 2.7 | 3.6 | 1.2 (1.2–1.2) |
| Child and youth major < 18 years | 0.6 | 0.9 | 1.1 (1.1–1.1) | 0.9 | 0.8 | 1 (0.9–1) | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.9 (0.9–1) |
| Low chronic conditions | 25.2 | 25.9 | 1.2 (1.2–1.2) | 26.0 | 25.6 | 1 (0.9–1) | 21.9 | 28.6 | 1.1 (1.1–1.1) |
| Medium chronic conditions | 10.1 | 7.7 | 1.4 (1.4–1.4) | 7.9 | 6.0 | 0.9 (0.9–0.9) | 5.8 | 11.2 | 1.5 (1.4–1.5) |
| Severe mental health and substance use | 1.6 | 2.4 | 1.5 (1.5–1.5) | 2.4 | 2.7 | 1 (1–1) | 3.5 | 1.8 | 0.5 (0.5–0.5) |
| Maternity and healthy newborns | 1.6 | 2.9 | 1.2 (1.2–1.2) | 2.9 | 2.6 | 0.9 (0.9–1) | 1.8 | 1.5 | 0.8 (0.8–0.8) |
| High chronic conditions | 4.6 | 4.3 | 1.9 (1.9–1.9) | 4.4 | 3.4 | 1 (0.9–1) | 2.8 | 5.5 | 1.4 (1.4–1.5) |
| Cancer | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 (1.5–1.5) | 1.6 | 1.2 | 0.8 (0.8–0.8) | 1.0 | 1.7 | 1.4 (1.4–1.4) |
| Frail in long-term care | 0.2 | 0.5 | 6.7 (6.5–7) | 0.5 | 0.6 | 1.5 (1.4–1.6) | 0.1 | 0.4 | 3.3 (3–3.5) |
| End of life | 0.1 | 0.1 | 2.2 (2–2.3) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.8 (0.7–1) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 1.2 (1.1–1.4) |
| Missing | 2.3 | 0.1 | 0 (0–0) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.6 (0.5–0.7) | 5.2 | 0.0 | 0 (0–0) |
| Number of physical health conditions (CDR) | |||||||||
| 0 | 59.7 | 62.4 | - | 62.2 | 64.5 | - | 69.6 | 54.7 | - |
| 1–2 | 30.7 | 28.7 | - | 28.8 | 28.4 | - | 25.4 | 33.8 | - |
| 3+ | 9.6 | 8.8 | - | 9.0 | 7.1 | - | 5.1 | 11.5 | - |
| Number of mental health conditions, including substance use (CDR) | |||||||||
| 0 | 68.6 | 63.1 | - | 62.8 | 66.3 | - | 65.5 | 62.6 | - |
| 1–2 | 28.0 | 32.0 | - | 32.4 | 28.6 | - | 27.9 | 33.5 | - |
| 3+ | 3.5 | 4.9 | - | 4.8 | 5.2 | - | 6.6 | 3.9 | - |
aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; CDR, chronic disease registry; HSM, health system matrix. Analysis includes testing, case and vaccination data to November 30th, 2021 (pre-Omicron period) and limited to individuals identified in client roster as being a BC resident in 2018/2019, 2019/2020, and 2020/2021 fiscal years. We excluded individuals who died on or prior to November 30th, 2021; received a non-mRNA vaccine or vaccine administered out of vaccine during study period; or had missing data on sex, age or geography. Latest HSM and CDR data were from the 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 fiscal year, respectively, leading to some misclassification. Odd ratios in table were derived from three separate multivariable logistic regression models assessing factors associated with “Yes” for the three different dependent variables (ever tested, diagnosed, fully vaccinated). All covariates in table were included in the multivariable models, with exception of social deprivation and number of health conditions—due to collinearity with other variables in model. Children < 12 years of age were excluded from vaccination model as vaccination had not yet been rolled out in this population. Physical health comorbidities included circulatory diseases, respiratory diseases, neurological disorders, musculoskeletal disorders, kidney diseases, and circulatory diseases. Mental health comorbidities included mood and anxiety, depressive, schizophrenia and delusional, and substance use disorders. References for more information on CDR and HSM can be found in notes for Table 1. Material/social deprivation is based on the Index of Material and Social Deprivation developed by the Institut national de santé publique du Québec (27).