Table 2.
Between-group comparison on the lexical level.
| Categories | Frequency | Percentage (%) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High | Low | Z | Sig. | High | Low | Z | Sig. | |
| Single retrieval | 31.6 (7.4) | 22.5 (6.5) | −2.656 | 0.008** | 60.02 (5.98) | 56.30 (11.33) | −0.643 | 0.520 |
| Parallel retrieval | 7.9 (4.8) | 3.2 (2.3) | −2.621 | 0.009** | 14.91 (7.93) | 7.97 (5.90) | −2.015 | 0.044* |
| Part-to-whole retrieval | 2.7 (2.1) | 2.7 (1.8) | −0.193 | 0.847 | 5.64 (5.40) | 6.53 (3.95) | −0.874 | 0.382 |
| Din in the head | 0.6 (0.8) | 0.3 (0.5) | −0.717 | 0.473 | 1.19 (1.64) | 0.79 (1.29) | −0.534 | 0.593 |
| Online assembly | 9.4 (2.7) | 11.0 (3.5) | −1.031 | 0.303 | 18.24 (4.72) | 28.41 (10.74) | −1.978 | 0.048* |
High, Higher-proficiency group; Low, Lower-proficiency group; Standard deviation is given in parentheses. *, significant at p < 0.05; **, significant at p < 0.01.