Table 3.

Estimates of heritability, total phenotypic variance, additive genetic variance, residual variance, and coefficient of genetic variation for body conformation traits in Korean Holstein cows

Traits	h2	${\mathrm{\sigma }}_{\text{p}}^2$	${\mathrm{\sigma }}_{\text{g}}^2$	${\mathrm{\sigma }}_{\text{e}}^2$	CVg%
Body traits
Stature	0.43 (0.08)	1.54 (0.09)	0.67 (0.14)	0.87 (0.11)	12.02
Height at front end	0.15 (0.07)	0.34 (0.02)	0.05 (0.02)	0.28 (0.02)	4.67
Chest width	0.25 (0.08)	0.87 (0.05)	0.22 (0.07)	0.65 (0.07)	10.70
Body depth	0.23 (0.06)	0.91 (0.05)	0.21 (0.07)	0.70 (0.07)	9.53
Angularity	0.22 (0.07)	1.02 (0.06)	0.22 (0.07)	0.80 (0.07)	9.05
Body condition score	0.10 (0.06)	0.91 (0.05)	0.10 (0.06)	0.82 (0.06)	5.98
Locomotion	0.50 (0.07)	1.87 (0.14)	0.92 (0.16)	0.94 (0.19)	16.46
Rump traits
Rump angle	0.35 (0.08)	1.12 (0.06)	0.40 (0.09)	0.73 (0.09)	13.26
Rump width	0.32 (0.07)	1.11 (0.06)	0.36 (0.08)	0.75 (0.07)	13.10
Loin strength	0.21 (0.06)	1.11 (0.06)	0.23 (0.06)	0.88 (0.07)	8.65
Feet and leg traits
Rear leg set	0.29 (0.08)	0.97 (0.05)	0.28 (0.06)	0.69 (0.07)	10.57
Rear leg rear view	0.28 (0.04)	1.91 (0.11)	0.53 (0.09)	1.37 (0.14)	13.00
Foot angle	0.17 (0.07)	0.81 (0.04)	0.13 (0.04)	0.67 (0.05)	7.13
Heel depth/Hoof height	0.13 (0.05)	1.01 (0.06)	0.13 (0.06)	0.88 (0.06)	6.67
Bone quality	0.18 (0.06)	0.94 (0.05)	0.17 (0.06)	0.77 (0.06)	7.26
Udder traits
Udder depth	0.25 (0.06)	1.23 (0.07)	0.31 (0.08)	0.92 (0.09)	8.70
Udder texture	0.46 (0.05)	1.72 (0.10)	0.80 (0.08)	0.92 (0.12)	16.41
Udder support	0.19 (0.07)	1.24 (0.07)	0.24 (0.09)	1.00 (0.09)	8.47
Fore udder attachment	0.24 (0.07)	1.34 (0.07)	0.32 (0.09)	1.02 (0.09)	9.90
Front teat placement	0.05 (0.06)	0.84 (0.04)	0.04 (0.05)	0.79 (0.06)	4.23
Front teat length	0.35 (0.08)	0.97 (0.05)	0.33 (0.08)	0.63 (0.07)	13.44
Rear udder height	0.33 (0.05)	1.27 (0.07)	0.41 (0.08)	0.86 (0.07)	9.35
Rear udder width	0.32 (0.04)	2.24 (0.13)	0.71 (0.10)	1.53 (0.16)	17.94
Rear teat placement	0.09 (0.06)	0.94 (0.05)	0.08 (0.06)	0.86 (0.07)	4.40
Overall conformation score	0.45 (0.07)	7.73 (0.44)	3.45 (0.66)	4.28 (0.52)	2.37

N, number of animals; h², heritability; ${\mathrm{\sigma }}_{\text{p}}^2$, phenotypic variance; ${\mathrm{\sigma }}_{\text{g}}^2$, genotypic variance; ${\mathrm{\sigma }}_{\text{e}}^2$, residual variance; CV_g%, coefficient of additive genetic variation. The number in parentheses are standard errors.