. 2023 Nov 1;37(4):668–677. doi: 10.5713/ab.23.0208

Table 3.

Influence of different dietary inclusion levels of Moringa oleifera leaf meal on growth performance and economic parameters of ducklings during 7–63 d of age

Items	Control	MOLM levels (%)				SEM	p-value

		0.25	0.50	1.0	2.0
Initial body weight (g)	134.0	136.0	134.0	136.0	135.0	1.141	0.9000
Final body weight (g)	3,000^c	3,765^a	3,596^a	3,293^b	3,200^b	28.98	0.0003
Body weight gain (g)	2,866^c	3,630^a	3,462^a	3,157^b	3,065^b	10.90	0.0004
Feed consumption (g)	9,100^a	8,000^c	8,400^b	8,500^b	8,600^b	31.33	0.0004
Feed conversion ratio (g feed/g gain)	3.18^a	2.20^c	2.43^c	2.69^b	2.88^b	0.050	0.0001
EE (%)	61^c	91^a	90^a	81^b	78^b	3.022	0.0001
REE (%)	100^c	148^a	146^a	131^b	126^b	9.104	0.0001
EPEI (%)	76.8^c	115.2^a	118.9^a	103.0^b	99.5^b	3.502	0.0002

MOLM, Moringa oleifera leaf meal; SEM, standard error of mean; EE, economic efficiency; REE, relative economic efficiency; EPEI, European production efficiency index.

^a–c

Means in the same row followed by different letters are significantly different at (p<0.05).