Table 2.
Socioeconomic characteristics of acutely malnourished children at admission, compared by study group.
| Total sample | Control CMAMa (n = 202) | iCCM standardb (n = 326) | iCCM simplifiedc (n = 148) | a vs. b p-value |
a vs. c p-value |
b vs. c p-value |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Mean (SD) or % (n) |
N | Mean (SD) or % (n) |
N | Mean (SD) or % (n) |
|||||
| Demograph | Cohabiting people | 202 | 7.2 (2.5) | 326 | 8.9 (4.0) | 148 | 7.5 (2.9) | <0.001 | 0.500 | <0.001 |
| Children under 5 cohabiting | 196 | 1.4 (1.3) | 318 | 1.5 (1.7) | 140 | 1.1 (1.4) | 0.286 | 0.182 | 0.016 | |
| Years of education of primary caregiver | 163 | 0.19 (0.5) | 301 | 0.50 (1.7) | 139 | 0.30 (0.6) | 0.033 | 0.506 | 0.192 | |
| Livelihoods | Type of housing | 201 | 318 | 146 | ||||||
| In property | 88.1% (177) | 96.9% (308) | 92.5% (135) | <0.001 | 0.244 | 0.122 | ||||
| For rent | 10.5% (20) | 1.3% (4) | 4.1% (6) | <0.001 | 0.097 | 0.105 | ||||
| On loan | 1.5% (3) | 1.9% (6) | 3.4% (5) | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 | ||||
| With access to safe water | 202 | 12.4% (24) | 326 | 10.1% (32) | 148 | 10.8% (15) | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 | |
| With safe sanitation | 192 | 19.8% (37) | 224 | 1.3% (3) | 116 | 4.3% (5) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.181 | |
| With electricity | 202 | 85.2% (172) | 326 | 23.0% (75) | 148 | 15.5% (22) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.082 | |
| With arable land | 201 | 13.4% (26) | 326 | 89.0% (290) | 147 | 86.4% (127) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.520 | |
| With livestock | 197 | 41.1% (81) | 326 | 64.7% (211) | 146 | 36.3% (44) | <0.001 | 0.430 | <0.001 | |
| With construction floor | 198 | 36.4% (72) | 325 | 4.3% (13) | 144 | 4.2% (6) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.999 | |
| With construction roof | 197 | 29.4% (45) | 325 | 6.2% (19) | 147 | 4.1% (6) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.490 | |
| Food security | Number of meals/day | 201 | 2.8 (0.35) | 325 | 2.8 (0.43) | 148 | 2.5 (0.58) | 0.440 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Lack of food last 4 weeks | 175 | 325 | 148 | |||||||
| Never | 12.6% (21) | 9.9% (31) | 18.9% (27) | 0.432 | 0.313 | 0.028 | ||||
| Rarely | 74.9% (131) | 63.4% (206) | 58.1% (86) | 0.024 | 0.006 | 0.320 | ||||
| 3–10 times | 11.4% (19) | 24.0% (78) | 21.6% (31) | 0.003 | 0.039 | 0.652 | ||||
| More than 10 times | 1.1% (2) | 2.8% (9) | 1.4% (2) | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 | ||||
| Food consumption score | 202 | 61.0 (16.6) | 326 | 52.1 (21.3) | 148 | 43.7 (18.6) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |
| Poor diet | 0.5% (1) | 13.5% (43) | 6.8% (9) | <0.001 | 0.005 | 0.047 | ||||
| Limited diet | 6.9% (13) | 8.9% (28) | 28.4% (41) | 0.520 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| Acceptable diet | 92.6% (187) | 77.6% (253) | 64.9% (96) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.005 | ||||
| Heath care access | Behavior if child is sick | 201 | 326 | 145 | ||||||
| Health post or CHW | 79.1% (159) | 88.3% (288) | 86.9% (126) | 0.018 | 0.166 | 0.771 | ||||
| Traditional medicine | 16.9% (33) | 11.7% (37) | 6.9% (9) | 0.230 | 0.028 | 0.230 | ||||
| Self medication | 4.0% (8) | 0.0 (0) | 6.2% (9) | 0.002 | 0.488 | <0.001 | ||||
| With difficulty of access | 199 | 11.6% (22) | 325 | 25.5% (83) | 147 | 12.9% (18) | <0.001 | 0.827 | 0.006 | |
| Time to get to treatment | 172 | 321 | 146 | |||||||
| 30 min or less | 77.3% (133) | 75.7% (243) | 48.0% (70) | 0.770 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| Up to 1.5 h | 11.1% (18) | 15.0% (46) | 34.9% (47) | 0.290 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| More than 2 h | 11.6% (19) | 9.4% (29) | 17.1% (24) | 0.520 | 0.430 | 0.071 | ||||
CHW, Community Health Worker; CMAM, Community management of acute malnutrition; iCCM, integrated Community Case Management; SD, standard deviation. In bold the significant results.a,b,c They are identifiers to understand the last three columns that compare two by two the study groups (group a, b and c).