Table 3.
Literature review and patient data.
| Case 1 | Case 2 | Case 3 | Case 4 | Case 5 | Case 6 | Case 7 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical manifestation | Gender | Male | Male | Male | Male | Male | Male | Male |
| Age, years | 25 | 54 | 24 | 29 | 21 | 3 | 12 | |
| Precursor event | - | - | Fever | Fever | Diarrhea | Meningococcal | Diarrhea | |
| Vaccination | ||||||||
| Limb weakness | Arms and Legs 0/5 | Legs 2/5 | Arms 3/5; Legs 2/5 | Legs 2/5 | Arms and Legs 0/5 | Proximal extremity 2/5 | Proximal extremity 3/5 | |
| Distal extremity 1/5 | Distal extremity 2/5 | |||||||
| Myalgia | Double upper limbs | Lower limbs and back | None | Double lower limb | Lower limbs and lower back | Double lower limb | None | |
| Nerve root pain | √ | None | None | None | None | √ | √ | |
| Dyspnea | None | √ | √ | None | None | √ | √ | |
| Laboratory tests | CK max (U/L) | 10,150 | 1,134 | 7,002 | 24,240 | 1,917 | 7,908 | 17,840 |
| Mb max (ng/mL) | Not detected | - | >1,000 | - | 580 | >1,200 | 491 | |
| AST max (IU/L) | - | - | 274 | 549 | - | 388 | - | |
| ALT max (IU/L) | - | - | 476 | 220 | - | 261.2 | 97.5 | |
| SCr max (μmol/L) | 484 | - | 397.8 | Normal | - | Normal | 169.6 | |
| Serum electrolyte | Normal | - | K↑P↑Ca↓/Metabolic Acidosis | - | Normal | Normal | Normal | |
| Blood gas analysis | - | Respiratory failure | Respiratory failure | - | - | Normal | Respiratory failure | |
| Etiological examination | - | - | Unknown | Cytomegalovirus infection | Campylobacter Jejuni infection | None | Unknown | |
| Serum AGAs | - | Normal | Normal | - | GM1-IgM(+) | normal | GM1-IgG(+) | |
| GD1b-IgM(+) | GD1b-IgG(+) | |||||||
| CSF protein-Cell separation | Negative | Negative | Positive | Positive | Positive | Positive | Positive | |
| Electroencephalogram | AMSAN | AIDP | AMSAN | - | AMAN | AMAN | AMSAN | |
| Muscle biopsy | Necrosis and edema | - | Normal | Necrosis | - | - | - | |
| Cranial and spinal MRI | - | - | - | - | - | Normal | Normal | |
| Treatments | RRT | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| PE | √ | √ | - | √ | √ | - | √ | |
| PD | - | - | √ | - | - | - | - | |
| Gamma globulin | - | - | - | - | √ | √ | √ | |
| Glucocorticoid | - | - | - | √ | - | √ | - | |
| Mechanical Ventilation | - | √ | √ | - | - | - | √ | |
| Time/Final result | m10/Healed | d35/Double lower limb 4/5 | d4/Died | d10/Double lower limb 4/5 | m3/Healed | m4/Healed | m5/Healed | |
| Cite | (9) | (10) | (11) | (12) | (13) | (14) | (14) | |
√: present; −: unreported; CK, Creatine kinase; Mb, Myoglobin; AST, Aspartate aminotransferase; SCr, Serum creatinine; AMAN, Acute motor axonal neuropathy; AIDP, Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathies; AMSAN, Acute motor and sensory axonal neuropathy; RRT, Renal replacement therapy; PE, Plasma exchange; PD, Peritoneal dialysis; AGAs, Anti-ganglioside antibody; and CSF, Cerebrospinal fluid.