Table 2. Association between three plant-based diet indices and risks of EC.
| Varialbles | Sample (cases) | Not adjusted model | Minimally adjusted model | Fully adjusted model | |||||
| HR (95% CI) | P | HR (95% CI) | P | HR (95% CI) | P | ||||
| EC, esophageal cancer; PDI, overall plant-based diet index; hPDI, healthful plant-based diet index; uPDI, unhealthful plant-based diet index; HR, hazard ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval. Not adjusted model, PDI, hPDI, and uPDI are included separately; Minimally adjusted model, adjusted age and gender; Fully adjusted model, adjusted for age, gender, marital status, educational status, number of family members, annual income, smoking status, history of digestive diseases, family history of cancer, and BMI categories. | |||||||||
| PDI by quartiles | |||||||||
| Quartile 1 | 3,796 (50) | Ref | − | Ref | − | Ref | − | ||
| Quartile 2 | 4,321 (51) | 0.91 (0.61−1.34) | 0.620 | 0.95 (0.64−1.41) | 0.807 | 0.96 (0.65−1.42) | 0.826 | ||
| Quartile 3 | 4,174 (49) | 0.90 (0.61−1.34) | 0.602 | 0.96 (0.64−1.42) | 0.819 | 0.97 (0.66−1.45) | 0.892 | ||
| Quartile 4 | 2,893 (26) | 0.69 (0.43−1.11) | 0.131 | 0.77 (0.48−1.24) | 0.286 | 0.80 (0.50−1.30) | 0.371 | ||
| Per 10 score increase | 15,184 (176) | 0.77 (0.55−1.08) | 0.123 | 0.80 (0.57−1.13) | 0.206 | 0.84 (0.57−1.22) | 0.358 | ||
| hPDI by quartiles | |||||||||
| Quartile 1 | 4,486 (78) | Ref | − | Ref | − | Ref | − | ||
| Quartile 2 | 3,663 (40) | 0.63 (0.43−0.92) | 0.016 | 0.67 (0.46−0.98) | 0.038 | 0.67 (0.46−0.99) | 0.042 | ||
| Quartile 3 | 3,268 (31) | 0.54 (0.36−0.83) | 0.004 | 0.60 (0.39−0.91) | 0.015 | 0.61 (0.40−0.92) | 0.020 | ||
| Quartile 4 | 3,767 (27) | 0.41 (0.27−0.64) | <0.001 | 0.48 (0.31−0.74) | 0.001 | 0.50 (0.32−0.77) | 0.002 | ||
| Per 10 score increase | 15,184 (176) | 0.38 (0.23−0.54) | <0.001 | 0.41 (0.26−0.63) | <0.001 | 0.42 (0.27−0.66) | <0.001 | ||
| uPDI by quartiles | |||||||||
| Quartile 1 | 4,132 (32) | Ref | − | Ref | − | Ref | − | ||
| Quartile 2 | 4,853 (46) | 1.21 (0.77−1.91) | 0.398 | 1.15 (0.73−1.80) | 0.551 | 1.12 (0.71−1.76) | 0.625 | ||
| Quartile 3 | 3,098 (46) | 1.90 (1.21−2.99) | 0.005 | 1.74 (1.10−2.73) | 0.017 | 1.67 (1.06−2.62) | 0.028 | ||
| Quartile 4 | 3,101 (52) | 2.13 (1.37−3.31) | <0.001 | 1.87 (1.20−2.92) | 0.005 | 1.80 (1.16−2.82) | 0.009 | ||
| Per 10 score increase | 15,184 (176) | 1.24 (1.50−3.35) | <0.001 | 1.97 (1.31−2.95) | 0.001 | 1.90 (1.26−2.88) | 0.002 | ||