Table 3.
Patients’ characteristics of the BSCTa group and the F2Fb treatment group.
| Characteristics | BSCT | F2F treatment | ||||
| Demographics | ||||||
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|
Sex (BSCT: n=152; F2F: n=175), n (%) | |||||
|
|
|
Female | 77 (50.7) | 87 (49.7) | ||
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|
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Male | 75 (49.3) | 88 (50.3) | ||
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Nationality (BSCT: n=152; F2F: n=175), n (%) | |||||
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|
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Dutch | 147 (96.7) | 173 (98.9) | ||
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|
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Other | 5 (3.3) | 2 (1.1) | ||
|
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Cultural background (BSCT: n=152; F2F: n=175), n (%) | |||||
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|
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Dutch | 137 (90.1) | 161 (92) | ||
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|
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Other | 15 (9.9) | 14 (8) | ||
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Age (y; BSCT: n=152; F2F: n=175), mean (SD) | 47.5 (12.4) | 46.4 (13.2) | |||
|
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Marital status (BSCT: n=151; F2F: n=175), n (%) | |||||
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|
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With partner | 99 (65.6) | 107 (61.1) | ||
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Alone | 52 (34.4) | 68 (38.9) | ||
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Housing situation (BSCT: n=152; F2F: n=172), n (%) | |||||
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With children | 63 (41.5) | 73 (42.4) | ||
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|
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Without children | 89 (58.6) | 99 (57.6) | ||
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Education (BSCT: n=152; F2F: n=171), n (%) | |||||
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VETc or higher | 96 (63.1) | 109 (63.7) | ||
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|
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Lower than VET | 56 (36.8) | 62 (36.3) | ||
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Main income (BSCT: n=152; F2F: n=175), n (%) | |||||
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|
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Wage or own company | 79 (52) | 89 (50.9) | ||
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Income support | 73 (48) | 86 (49.1) | ||
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Main day activity (BSCT: n=152; F2F: n=175), n (%) | |||||
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Paid work | 77 (50.7) | 85 (48.6) | ||
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Other | 75 (49.3) | 90 (51.4) | ||
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Internet skillsd (BSCT: n=151; F2F: n=175), mean (SD) | 38.4 (6.5) | 39.4 (5.8) | |||
| Smoking-related characteristics | ||||||
|
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Quitting strategy (BSCT: n=167; F2F: n=176), n (%) | |||||
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|
|
Stop at once | 68 (40.7) | 72 (40.9) | ||
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Change gradually | 44 (26.4) | 44 (25) | ||
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Scheduled reduction | 55 (32.9) | 60 (34.1) | ||
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Reason to start treatment (BSCT: n=152; F2F: n=175), n (%) | |||||
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|
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Intrinsic | 104 (68.4) | 117 (66.9) | ||
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Extrinsic | 48 (31.6) | 58 (33.1) | ||
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Nicotine dependency (Fagerströme; BSCT: n=151; F2F: n=175), mean (SD) | 5.3 (2.1) | 5.2 (2.1) | |||
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Negative attitude toward quittingf (BSCT: n=151; F2F: n=175), mean (SD) | −5.5 (3.1) | −5.1 (2.9) | |||
|
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Positive attitude toward quittingg (BSCT: n=151; F2F: n=175), median (IQR) | 10 (8-11) | 10 (9-11) | |||
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Self-efficacyh (BSCT: n=151; F2F: n=175), mean (SD) | −0.2 (5.2) | −0.4 (4.9) | |||
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Readiness to quiti (BSCT: n=151; F2F: n=175), median (IQR) | 2 (1-3) | 2 (1-3) | |||
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Earlier quit attempts (BSCT: n=151; F2F: n=175), n (%) | 128 (84.8) | 154 (88) | |||
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Social supportj (BSCT: n=151; F2F: n=175), median (IQR) | 4 (3-4) | 4 (3-5) | |||
|
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Social modelingk (BSCT: n=151; F2F: n=175), median (IQR) | 3 (1-6) | 3 (1-5) | |||
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Use of alcoholl (BSCT: n=151; F2F: n=175), median (IQR) | 2 (1-3) | 2 (1-3) | |||
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Use of (recreational) drugs (BSCT: n=151; F2F: n=175), n (%) | 11 (7.3) | 15 (8.6) | |||
| Health-related characteristics | ||||||
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Use of medication in general (BSCT: n=151; F2F: n=175), n (%) | 102 (67.6) | 130 (74.3) | |||
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Use of medication for addiction treatment (BSCT: n=151; F2F: n=175), n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |||
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Use of medication for psychiatric treatment (BSCT: n=151; F2F: n=159), n (%) | 30 (19.9) | 26 (16.4) | |||
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Use of medication for physical treatment (BSCT: n=151; F2F: n=159), n (%) | 78 (51.7) | 93 (58.5) | |||
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Use of other medication (BSCT: n=151; F2F: n=159), n (%) | 25 (16.6) | 31 (19.5) | |||
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Health-related complaintsm (MAP HSSn; BSCT: n=151; F2F: n=175), mean (SD) | 12.6 (6.2) | 12.6 (6.6) | |||
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Smoking-related complaintso (BSCT: n=151; F2F: n=175), mean (SD) | 21.0 (13.6) | 20.8 (9.2) | |||
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Health- and smoking-related complaintsp (BSCT: n=151; F2F: n=175), mean (SD) | 33.6 (13.6) | 33.4 (14.2) | |||
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Depressionq (BSCT: n=151; F2F: n=175), median (IQR) | 4 (0-10) | 4 (2-12) | |||
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Anxietyq (BSCT: n=151; F2F: n=175), median (IQR) | 4 (2-8) | 6 (2-10) | |||
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Stressq (BSCT: n=151; F2F: n=175), median (IQR) | 8 (4-16) | 10 (4-16) | |||
|
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DASSr (BSCT: n=151; F2F: n=175), median (IQR) | 18 (8-32) | 20 (8-36) | |||
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EQ-5D-3Ls (BSCT: n=151; F2F: n=175), median (IQR) | 0.8 (0.7-1.0) | −0.8 (0.7-0.9) | |||
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EQ VASt (BSCT: n=151; F2F: n=175), mean (SD) | 65.5 (18.7) | 64.6 (18.7) | |||
aBSCT: blended smoking cessation treatment.
bF2F: face-to-face.
cVET: vocational education and training.
dInternet skills: range 10-60; higher numbers indicate better skills.
eNicotine dependency (Fagerström): range 0-10; higher numbers indicate higher nicotine dependency.
fNegative attitude toward quitting: range −12 to 0; lower numbers indicate a more negative attitude toward quitting smoking.
gPositive attitude toward quitting: range 0-12; higher numbers indicate a more positive attitude toward quitting smoking.
hSelf-efficacy: range −12 to 12; higher numbers indicate higher self-efficacy related to smoking cessation.
iReadiness to quit: range 0-4; higher numbers indicate higher readiness to quit.
jSocial support: range 0-5; higher numbers indicate more social support in smoking cessation.
kSocial modeling: range 0-8; higher numbers indicate more smokers in the social environment.
lUse of alcohol: range 0-4; 0=Never, 1=1 time per month, 2=2-4 times per month, 3=2-3 times per week, and 4=≥4 times per week.
mHealth-related complaints: range 0-40; higher numbers indicate poorer health status.
nMAP HSS: Maudsley Addiction Profile Health Symptoms Scale.
oSmoking-related complaints: range 0-64; higher numbers indicate more smoking-related complaints.
pHealth- and smoking-related complaints: range 0-104; higher numbers indicate poorer health status and more smoking-related complaints.
qDepression, anxiety and stress: range 0-42; higher numbers indicate a higher level of depression, anxiety and stress.
rDASS: sum score of depression, anxiety and stress (range 0-126; higher numbers indicate a more negative emotional status).
sEQ-5D-3L: societal-based quantification of the patients’ health status (range 0-1; higher numbers indicate better health status).
tEQ VAS: visual analog scale for quality of life (range 0-100, higher numbers indicate better state of health).