Table 1.

List of core mRNAs of ATP-induced cell death

Gene	Full name	Role in ATP induced cell death	Ref.
P2RX7	Purinergic receptor P2X7	Activate inflammatory mediators and increase calcium ions	Tamajusuku et al[22]
CASP3	Caspase-3	Caspase-3 cleavage by caspase-1/4/5/11 forms pores, releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines	Souza et al[1]
PANX1	Pannexin-1	P2X7 activation opens PANX1 channels, releasing ATP and triggering cell death pathways	Shoji et al[36]
NLRP3	NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing protein 3	NLRP3 activated by stimuli forms inflammasome, triggers caspase-1 activation, releases cytokines, and induces apoptosis	Sadatomi et al[37]
CASP1	Caspase-1	Caspase-1 induces cytokine processing, pyrosis, and inflammation	Sadatomi et al[37]
P2RY1	P2Y purinoceptor 1	P2RY1 can increase calcium ions in the Golgi apparatus	Ohishi et al[38]
P2RY11	P2Y purinoceptor 11	Involved in immune inflammatory mechanisms	Yoon et al[39]
ORAI1	Calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1	Increased intracellular calcium ions	Peng et al[26]
STIM1	Stromal interaction molecule 1	STIM1 responds to ATP-induced calcium influx, activating ORAI1 and promoting cell death	Peng et al[26]
CASP8	Caspase-8	CASP8 causes apoptosis	Zhao et al[40]
CASP9	Caspase-9	CASP9 causes apoptosis	Zhao et al[40]
CASP7	Caspase-7	CASP7 causes apoptosis	Zhao et al[40]
P2RX3	Purinergic receptor P2X3	NA	Ohishi et al[38]
NLRP1	NLR family pyrin domain-containing protein 1	NLRP1 activates caspase-1, induces pyrodeath, and releases IL-1β and IL-18	Zhao et al[41]
P2RX4	P2X purinoceptor 4	P2RX4 contributes to AICD (pyroptosis) by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome, leading to IL-1β and IL-18 production	Ohishi et al[38]
P2RX5	P2X purinoceptor 5	NA	Ohishi et al[38]
SAPK	Stress-activated protein Kinase	ATP induces cell death via SAPK pathways, regulating apoptosis, necrosis, and stress signaling	Humphreys et al[42]
p38 MAPK	p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPK)	ATP activates p38 MAPK, which leads to cell death through apoptosis and necrosis	Noguchi et al[2]
ASK1	Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1.	Excessive ATP induces cellular stress, activating ASK1 and downstream pathways for cell death	Noguchi et al[2]
NOX2	NADPH oxidase 2	ATP activates NOX2, generating ROS causing oxidative stress and potential cell death	Noguchi et al[2]
bax	BCL-2-associated X	Excessive ATP triggers BAX activation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptotic cell death	Wen et al[43]
MLC	Myosin Light Chain	ATP depletion hampers muscle contraction, affecting myosin function and cellular viability	Hwang et al[44]
ROCK I	Rho-associated, coiled-coil containing protein kinase 1	ATP activates P2X7 receptors, inducing apoptosis via the Rho/ROCK pathway, potentially involving ROCK I	Hwang et al[44]
ERK1/2	Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2	ERK1/2 promotes cell survival or antagonizes apoptosis, but prolonged activation may lead to cell death. Activates the ERK1/2 pathway, affecting cell fate	Tsukimoto et al[45]
P2RX6	P2X purinoceptor 6	Activation may raise calcium levels, potentially triggering cell death	[46]
CYTC	Cytochrome c	Cytochrome c released by mitochondria during cell stress triggers cell apoptosis	Sadatomi et al[37]
TNF-α	Tumor necrosis factor alpha	ATP induces cell death, activating TNF-α and triggering apoptosis or necroptosis pathways. Immune cells produce TNF-α in response to ATP, amplifying the cellular response	Hide et al[47]
P2RY5	P2R purinoceptor 5	NA	Yoon et al[39]
P2RY14	P2R purinoceptor14	NA	Ohishi et al[38]
P2RY13	P2R purinoceptor 13	P2Y13 may play a role in ADP receptors, involved in ATP homeostasis	Ohishi et al[38]
P2RY12	P2R purinoceptor 12	P2Y12 may play a role in ADP receptors, involved in ATP homeostasis	Ohishi et al[38]
P2RY6	P2R purinoceptor 6	P2Y6 may be involved in calcium signaling leading to cell death	Yoon et al[39]
P2RY4	P2R purinoceptor 4	P2Y6 may be involved in calcium signaling leading to cell death	Ohishi et al[38]
P2RY2	P2R purinoceptor 2	ATP binding triggers intracellular signaling pathways that may lead to cell death	Ohishi et al[38]
ANO6	Anoctamin-6	As a calcium-activating channel and superburning enzyme, it may influence cell death pathways	Ousingsawat et al[48]
cyclinE2	Cyclin E2	NA	Wang et al[49]
cyclinD2	Cyclin D2	NA	Wang et al[49]

IL-18: Interleukin 18; IL-1b: Interleukin 1 beta; MAPK: Mitogen-activated protein kinase; NA: Not available.