Table 2.
Measurement and valuation of defined outcomes by perspective and type of analysis
| Outcome | Description | Unit | Data collection method | Valuation/ calculation | Health economic perspective |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| QALY | Incremental Quality-Adjusted Life Year at 12 months | -0.661 to +1; -0.661=worst possible outcome +1=best possible health state | EQ-5D-5L questionnaire at 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-months post-surgery; weighting of each measurement by 3/12 | German Valuation Set [35]; death valued U=0; weighting of each U by 3/12 | S |
| LCD | Probability of worsening of the Level of Care Dependency at least by one level between pre-intervention and 12 months post-surgery | 1=worsening, 0=no change or improvement | Measured by the German New Assessment Tool of Care Dependency (NBI) by the research team of the study, the scale between 0 and 100 points is translated by rules of NBI into a 6 levels of care dependency: level 0 = no dependency, level 5 = full dependency | NBI [36]; 5=dead; difference in levels between 12 months and pre-intervention | S, SHI |
| WHO-DAS 2.0 | Incremental degree of disability at 12 months | 0-100; 100= full disability | WHO Disability Assessment Schedule questionnaire - WHODAS 2.0 12-items, in the past 30 days | WHODAS 2.0 [37] | S |
| LOS | Incremental length of hospital stay post-surgery | Days | Hospital billing dataset, § 301 para. 3 SGB V, § 21 KHEntgG, provided by hospitals | date of discharge - date of admission + 1 | P |
| ICU | Incremental length of stay in ICU at discharge | Days | Hospital billing dataset, § 301 para. 3 SGB V, § 21 KHEntgG, provided by hospitals | as reported | P |
| COMP | Overall value of complications at discharge | 0-100; 100=death | Secondary diagnoses, ICU stay, reported in hospital billing dataset, § 301 para. 3 SGB V, § 21 KHEntgG, provided by hospitals | Clavien-Dindo classification [38, 39], Comprehensive Complication Index [40–42] | P |
Abbreviations: COMP Complications, ICU Intensive care unit, LOS Length of hospital stay, KHEntgG Hospital Remuneration Act (Krankenhausentgeltgesetz), LCD Level of Care Dependency, S societal perspective, NBI German New Assessment Tool of Care Dependency (das Neue Begutachtungsinstrument), P health care provider perspective, QALY Quality-Adjusted Life Year, SGB V Social Code Book 5 statutory health insurance (Sozialgesetzbuch - Fünftes Buch – Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung), SHI Statutory health insurance perspective, WHODAS World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule