TABLE 2.
Comparison of flavonoids and subclass intakes (mg/day) in a sample of participants with and without major depressive disorder (MDD).
| Total sample (n = 93) | With MDD (n = 44) | Without MDD (n = 49) | p‐value and Cohen's D effect size* | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mg/day | Mean ± | Median (IQR) | Mean ± | Median (IQR) | Mean ± | Median (IQR) | ||
| Total flavonoid intake | 215.7 ± 216.6 | 173.7 (37.0–346.1) | 220.4 ± 237.8 | 196.4 (45.5–273.9) | 211.6 ± 198.1 | 169.4 (30.4–351.7) | .884 | .037 |
| Anthocyanin intake | 23.6 ± 43.9 | 1.3 (0.0–23.8) | 12.5 ± 31.2 | 11.6 (0.08–41.5) | 33.6 ± 51.0 | 0.08 (0.0–11.2) | .002 | .635 |
| Flavan‐3‐ol intake | 117.5 ± 183.0 | 38.4 (3.7–186.9) | 135.8 ± 222.4 | 55.9 (3.4–187.5) | 101.1 ± 139.0 | 28.2 (3.9–189.8) | .292 | −.098 |
| Flavanone intake | 11.3 ± 28.4 | 0.9 (0.1–6.0) | 11.8 ± 26.4 | 0.6 (0.03–11.5) | 10.9 ± 30.3 | 1.2 (0.2–3.4) | .988 | −.048 |
| Flavone intake | 1.5 ± 2.5 | 0.6 (0.2–1.5) | 1.2 ± 2.0 | 0.4 (0.2–1.2) | 1.8 ± 2.8 | 0.9 (0.4–2.1) | .339 | .351 |
| Flavonol intake | 19.3 ± 18.4 | 14.1 (5.9–26.5) | 18.0 ± 19.2 | 12.1 (4.4–25.6) | 20.4 ± 17.8 | 14.9 (6.4–28.8) | .854 | .291 |
| Isoflavone intake | 42.5 ± 122.0 | 0.0 (0.0–0.7) | 41.0 ± 110.0 | 0.0 (0.0–1.8) | 43.8 ± 133.0 | 0.07 (0.0–0.6) | .770 | −.017 |
*
p‐value and Cohen's D effect size derived from independent t‐test on log‐transformed data.
Abbreviations: IQR, Interquartile Range (25th–75th percentile); and SD, Standard Deviation.